6.2 Social orientation/understanding and attachment! Flashcards
social referencing
“Reading” emotional cues in others to help determine how to act in a particular situation.
attachment
A close emotional bond between two people.
Strange Situation
An observational measure of infant attachment that requires the infant to move through a series of introductions, separations, and reunions with the caregiver and an adult stranger in a prescribed order.
securely attached babies
Babies who use the caregiver as a secure base from which to explore the environment.
insecure avoidant babies
Babies who show insecurity by avoiding the caregiver.
insecure resistant babies
Babies who often cling to the caregiver, then resist the caregiver by fighting against the closeness, perhaps by kicking or pushing away.
insecure disorganized babies
Babies who show insecurity by being disorganized and disoriented.
Around which month does face-to-face play begin?
2 to 3 months
When does the infant interacts with peers?
Starts between 18 to 24 months
Freuds idea on attachment
infants become attached to the person who provides oral
satisfaction.
Harlows idea on attachment
contact comfort is preferred over food.
Eriksons idea on attachment
trust arises from physical comfort and sensitive care
Bowlbys idea on attachment
Bowlby argued that infants develop an internal working model of
attachment including 4 phases;
* Phase 1: From birth to 2 months: infants direct their attachment
to human figures.
* Phase 2: From 2 to 7 months: attachment becomes focused on
one figure (primary caregiver).
* Phase 3: From 7 to 27 months: specific attachments develop.
With increased locomotion, babies actively seek contact with
regular caregivers.
* Phase 4: From 24 months on: children become aware of others’
feelings and goals and account for them in their own actions.
Developmental cascade model
connections across domains over time influence developmental pathways and outcomes
