5.3 Language development Flashcards
language
A form of communication, whether spoken, written, or signed, that is based on a system of symbols. Language consists of the words used by a community and the rules for varying and combining them.
infinite generativity
The ability to produce and comprehend an endless number of meaningful sentences using a finite set of words and rules.
phonology
The sound system of the language, including the sounds that are used and how they may be combined.
morphology
Units of meaning involved in word formation.
syntax
The ways words are combined to form acceptable phrases and sentences.
semantics
The meaning of words and sentences.
Pragmatics
The appropriate use of language in different contexts
What are the 5 rules for language system?
- Phonology
- Morphology
- Syntax
- Semantics
- Pragmatics
telegraphic speech
The use of short and precise words without grammatical markers such as articles, auxiliary verbs, and other connectives.
Broca’s area
An area in the brain’s left frontal lobe that is involved in speech production.
Wernicke’s area
An area in the brain’s left hemisphere that is involved in language comprehension.
aphasia
A loss or impairment of language ability caused by brain damage.
language acquisition device (LAD)
a system of principles that children are born with that helps them learn language, and accounts for the order in which children learn structures, and the mistakes they make as they learn.
Chomsky’s term that describes a biological endowment enabling the child to detect the features and rules of language, including phonology, syntax, and semantics.
child-directed speech
Language spoken in a higher pitch and slower speed than normal, with simple words and sentences.
Cooing
Starts around 2 to 4 months. A gurgling sounds that are made in the back of the throat and usually express pleasure.
Babbling
Starts in the middle of the first year.
ba-ba-ba
When do infants start using gestures?
Around 7 to 15 months with a mean age of approximately 11 to 12 months
wave bye-bye, pointing to someone or something
When do they understand there first word?
Around 5 months
When is the first word spoken?
Around 13 months
When does the vocabulary spurt starts?
Around 18 months
When do they use two-word utterances?
Around 18 to 24 months
Receptive vocabulary
The words the child understand
Around what age do they change from universal linguist to languagespecific listening?
Around 6 to 12 months
Expanding
Adding information to a child’s incomplete utterance
Doggie eat- Yes, the dogs eat out of his special dish
