6. power- the glorious revolution Flashcards
What led to the Glorious Revolution?
The nobles lost faith in James II and invited William of Orange to invade England.
Why was James II not well liked?
James II was not trusted by the people and faced a rebellion early in his reign.
Who led the rebellion against James II?
The rebellion was led by Charles II’s illegitimate son, the Duke of Monmouth.
What concerns did people have regarding James II’s family?
People were worried about the future of England when James’ Catholic wife gave birth to a son.
What actions of James II made people think he favored Catholicism?
James II converted to Catholicism, gave government posts to Catholics, and passed pro-Catholic laws.
What significant proclamation did James II make in 1686?
James proclaimed that Anglican ministers could not preach anti-Catholic sermons.
Who was invited to take James II’s place?
Leading nobles asked James’ Protestant daughter, Mary, to rule with her husband William of Orange.
What happened during the Glorious Revolution?
William and Mary’s forces landed in 1688, and James II fled to France, leading to William becoming King William III.
How did the Glorious Revolution affect Scotland?
Scotland became more independent, with Scottish MPs gaining full control of the Church and the right to appoint chief ministers.
What was the impact of James II fleeing to France?
The relationship between France and England worsened, as France supplied James with troops for an invasion.
How did Ireland’s situation change after the Glorious Revolution?
Ireland was put under the control of Protestant landholders, as James II and the rebels had used it as a base.
What did the Glorious Revolution bring for Protestants?
More freedom for Protestants and more restrictions on Catholics.
What restrictions were placed on non-Anglicans after the Glorious Revolution?
There were some restrictions on non-Anglicans.
What did the Bill of Rights decree regarding Catholics?
A Catholic could not become king or queen in England, Scotland, or Ireland.
What was the Toleration Act of 1689?
It made it legal for Protestants to belong to Churches other than the Church of England.
How did the Glorious Revolution limit the power of the monarchy?
The monarch could collect taxes but only for a four-year period.
What did William and Mary have to agree to during their coronation?
They had to agree to a new constitution.
What oath did William and Mary swear at their coronation?
They swore to rule England ‘according to the laws passed in Parliament.’
What requirement was placed on Parliament after the Glorious Revolution?
Parliament had to meet at least once a year.
What freedom was granted to MPs in Parliament?
MPs were given freedom of speech in Parliament.
What restrictions did the Bill of Rights place on the monarchy?
The monarch could not keep a large army in peacetime or suspend laws.
What important decisions was the monarch still responsible for?
Decisions such as whether or not the country should go to war.
How was the position of monarch regarded after the Glorious Revolution?
It was still regarded with awe and reverence by the majority.
What was the role of Parliament after 1688?
Parliament had an increased role in running the country.
What war did William bring Britain into?
William brought Britain into his war with France, which continued for another 25 years.
When was the Bank of England established?
The Bank of England was established in 1694.
Why was the Bank of England established?
It was partly to provide loans to fund William’s wars.
How did William’s need for funding affect his relationship with Parliament?
William began to work more closely with Parliament because he needed to fund his wars through taxes and needed Parliament’s approval for this.
What change occurred in Parliament’s meeting frequency?
Parliament began to meet more regularly.
What two groups developed within Parliament?
A clear division of MPs into two groups: Whigs and Tories.
What significant political development occurred during this period?
This period saw the beginnings of parliamentary democracy with ministers responsible for much of the running of the country.
What was the Act of Settlement and when was it passed?
Parliament passed the Act of Settlement in 1701, offering the crown to the Hanoverians.
Who ascended to the throne after William’s death?
When William died childless in 1702, the throne went to Mary’s younger sister, Anne.
What happened to Anne’s children?
None of Anne’s children survived, so the throne passed to the House of Hanover in 1714.
What was the Act of Union and when was it enacted?
England and Scotland were united in 1707 by the Act of Union.
Was the Act of Union supported by all Scots?
No, the Act of Union was not supported by all Scots.
