2. germany- nazi consolidation of power Flashcards
how many seats did the nazi party win in the July 1932 elections?
- 230 seats- more than any other party
- but Hindenburg still refused to make Hitler chancellor as he was suspicious of him
how many seats did the nazi party lose in the november 1932 elections?
38
what deal did Hitler make with Franz von Papen (another politician)?
- Hitler would make Von Papen vice chancellor if von Papen could persuade Hitler to make him chancellor
how and when did Hitler become chancellor?
- Hindenburg agreed to Hitler’s deal with von Papen as he knew Hitler was popular
- both Hindenburg and von Papen believed they could control Hitler
- Hitler became chancellor of Germany on 30th January 1933
how did Nazis consolidate power in 1933 elections?
- the Nazis controlled the media and banned any opposition meetings
- SA terrorised opponents
what happened on the 27th February 1933?
the Reichstag caught fire
how did Hitler use the Reichstag fire to his advantage?
- a dutch communist was blamed for the fire
- Hitler exploited the fire for his own purposes and used it to stir up anti-communist feeling in Germany to remove the communists
what was the Emergency Decree?
- as a result of the Reichstag fire Hitler persuaded Hindenburg to pass the emergency decree on 28th February 1933 which removed people’s civil rights
- using the law, thousands of communist supporters were thrown into prison
how many seats did Hitler win in the March 1933 elections? what happened as a consequence?
- won 288 seats but still didn’t have a majority
- consequently, Hitler used the support of the Nationalist Party to gain a majority in the Reichstag and then banned the communist party
what was the enabling act? when was it passed?
- passed on March 24 1933
- gave Hitler the right to pass laws for the next 4 years without the Reichstag’s support
- Hitler was a legal dictator
what happened to trade unions in May 1933?
- they were banned
- all workers became part of the German Labour Front
when did Hitler outlaw all other political parties?
july 1933
- germany became a one party state
why did Hitler see the SA as a potential threat?
- hitler believed that Rohm, the leader of the SA was becoming too powerful
army was also suspicious of the SA and Rohm and Hitler knew he needed the armys support to remain in power
what happened on the Night of The Long Knives?
-on 29-30 June 1934 SS assassination squads murdered Hitler’s potential SA rivals including Rohm
-up to 400 people died
- the SA became subordinate to the SS and many of its members were absorbed into the SS and army
how did hitler defend his actions on the night of the long knives?
-declared his actions to be legal as he argued that those killed we’re plotting to overthrow the government
was the night of the long knives a triumph or failure for hitler?
a triumph as it got rid of opposition and showed how ruthless the Nazis could be
when did Hindenburg die and what did it lead to?
- august 1934
- led to the rise of Hitler as Führer (the leader) of germany
how did Hitler take control of Germany?
-made himself commander in chief of the army
-made member of the armed forces swear an oath of allegiance
what was the oath of allegiance?
-a promise of loyalty of Hitler
- soldiers vowed to obey him and give their lives for him
what happened to the Weimar Republic as a result?
it died and germany became a dictatorship
