3. the english reformation – Henry VIII breaks with Rome Flashcards
What was Henry VIII’s ‘Great Problem’?
Henry VIII’s ‘Great Problem’ was that he had been married to Catherine of Aragon for twenty years and still did not have a legitimate male heir.
What was Henry VIII’s initial solution to his succession problem?
Henry VIII sought a new wife and hoped to obtain an annulment of his marriage to Catherine of Aragon.
Why did Henry VIII appeal to Pope Clement VIII?
Henry VIII appealed to Pope Clement VIII because divorce was not permitted in the Catholic Church.
What was Catherine of Aragon’s reaction to Henry VIII’s request for an annulment?
Catherine of Aragon was devastated and fought against Henry’s request for an annulment.
Why was Pope Clement VIII unlikely to grant Henry VIII’s request?
Pope Clement VIII needed the support of the Spanish king, who was Catherine’s cousin, making it unlikely for him to grant the annulment.
What was the outcome of Henry VIII’s anger towards Pope Clement VIII’s refusal?
Henry VIII’s anger led to the imprisonment of Thomas Wolsey, who later died in prison.
What significant action did Henry VIII take to secure his divorce?
Henry VIII took control of the Church of England to secure his divorce.
Who influenced Henry VIII in carrying out reforms after breaking with Rome?
Thomas Cromwell and Anne Boleyn influenced Henry VIII in carrying out reforms.
Who died in prison?
Wolsey died in prison.
What did Thomas Cromwell encourage Henry to do in 1532?
Cromwell encouraged Henry to break with Rome.
Why did Wolsey fall from favor?
Wolsey became an enemy of Anne Boleyn and her faction at court.
What influence did Anne Boleyn have on Henry?
She influenced him to become more anti-clerical in his views.
What accusation did Cromwell guide Henry to make against the clergy?
He guided Henry to accuse the clergy of Praemunire.
What was the significance of Praemunire?
It made it treasonous to obey the Pope over the king.
What actions did Cromwell and Audley take regarding Henry’s marriage?
They drafted laws that divorced Henry from Catherine and made his secret marriage legal.
What was Henry’s concern regarding his new child?
He feared the child might be declared illegitimate.
What title was Henry declared in 1534?
Henry was declared Supreme Head of the Church.
What did being Supreme Head of the Church allow Henry to do?
It allowed him to change the Church to reflect the views of Anne Boleyn and Cromwell.
Did Henry truly agree with the reforms?
It is uncertain if he truly agreed or just enjoyed the power and wealth.
What was Henry’s primary desire as king?
His primary desire was to have a legitimate son.
What happened to those who failed Henry?
People such as Wolsey, Cromwell, and Anne Boleyn paid with their lives.
What was the level of opposition to the changes to the Church by 1535?
There was only minimal opposition to the changes to the Church by 1535.
Why was there little opposition to the break with Rome among the peasantry?
There was very little opposition to the break with Rome among the peasantry, largely because it had very little effect on their lives or worship.
Who was Elizabeth Barton?
Elizabeth Barton was a nun who gained a following as an outspoken critic of the annulment and of Henry’s supremacy.
She was eventually arrested and she and five supporters were executed.
What was the reaction of some nobles at court regarding the changes?
At court, there was some opposition from nobles who sympathised with the former queen.
What happened to Bishop John Fisher?
Cromwell discovered that Bishop John Fisher had been secretly in contact with the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V to try to get his help in overthrowing Henry.
He was beheaded.
What was Thomas More’s stance on the Oath of Succession?
Thomas More publicly refused to take the Oath of Succession.
He was beheaded.
