2. power- the norman conquest and its impact Flashcards
What significant event occurred in 1066?
1066 was a year of turmoil.
Who died in 1066 without an heir?
Edward the Confessor died without an heir.
Who were the two claimants to the throne after Edward’s death?
Harold Godwinson and William of Normandy.
Who crowned Harold Godwinson?
Harold was crowned by the Witan.
What did William claim regarding Edward’s promise?
William claimed that Edward had promised him the throne in 1051.
What did Harold allegedly swear to uphold?
Harold had sworn to uphold Edward’s promise in 1064.
Who attacked the north of England?
Harald Hardrada attacked the north of England.
What battle did Harold Godwinson win against Harald Hardrada?
Harold defeated Harald Hardrada at the Battle of Stamford Bridge.
What happened when William landed in the south?
William landed in the south unopposed.
What battle did Harold Godwinson fight after returning south?
They met William’s army at the Battle of Hastings.
What was the outcome of the Battle of Hastings?
Harold was defeated.
When was William crowned King of England?
William was crowned King of England on 25 December 1066.
Who was defeated by William besides Harold?
William defeated another claimant, Edgar Atheling.
What was the period of rebellions against Norman rule in England?
There were many rebellions in England against Norman rule between 1067 and 1075.
How were most rebellions against Norman rule characterized?
Most of the rebellions were easy to put down as they lacked co-ordination or strong leadership.
How did William’s treatment of rebels change over time?
William’s treatment of rebels became harsher over time, moving from accepting surrenders to devastating parts of the country and killing rebels.
What significant event exemplified William’s harsh treatment of rebels?
The Harrying of the North in 1069 exemplified William’s harsh treatment of rebels.
What was the purpose of building castles by the Normans?
The Normans built castles to show that they were a permanent presence in England.
How were many castles made more visible?
Many castles were painted white so that they would be visible for miles around.
What was the function of garrisoned castles?
Castles were garrisoned with troops and used to control the surrounding area.
How did William reward loyalty among his supporters?
William rewarded the loyalty of family and closest friends with land taken from English thegns.
What significant change occurred after the Norman Conquest?
The Norman Conquest brought a lot of change to England.
What did William do in return for loyalty?
William distributed land to his followers, who would then divide their land to reward their followers.
What system emerged from William’s land distribution?
This later became known as feudalism.
How many Anglo-Saxon thegns lost their land?
The majority of Anglo-Saxon thegns (between 4000 and 5000) lost their land.
Who replaced English officials after the Norman Conquest?
A lot of English sheriffs and other officials were replaced by Normans.
What architectural project did the Normans undertake?
The Normans carried out a huge church rebuilding project.
How did church architecture change after the Conquest?
Church architecture more closely resembled that of Normandy.
What was the purpose of the Domesday Book?
William compiled the Domesday Book to organise more efficient systems of taxation.
What role did the Church play after the Conquest?
The Church was still important to the king. William left England in the hands of his barons and churchmen, including Lanfranc, Archbishop of Canterbury.
What administrative systems did William utilize?
William made use of efficient systems of Anglo-Saxon administration, such as tax collection, writs, gathering armies, and dealing with law and order.
What happened to the number of serfs after the Conquest?
The number of serfs rose sharply after the Conquest, although there had been many enslaved people in Anglo-Saxon England.
