6 Flashcards
punishment
a articular behavior occurs, a consequence follows the behavior, as a result the behavior is weakened (decreases)
a articular behavior occurs, a consequence follows the behavior, as a result the behavior is weakened (decreases)
punishment
positive punishment
presentation of an aversive stimulus to decrease behavior
presentation of an aversive stimulus to decrease behavior
positive punishment
negative punishment
removal of a reinforcing stimulus to decrease behavior
removal of a reinforcing stimulus to decrease behavior
negative punishment
conditioned punisher
paired with unconditioned punishers or other existing conditioned punishers
e.g. speeding tickets
paired with unconditioned punishers or other existing conditioned punishers
conditioned punisher
unconditioned punisher
survival value by avoiding/minimizing contact
e.g. painful stimulation
survival value by avoiding/minimizing contact
unconditioned punisher
What are the results of punishment?
an immediate decrease in target behavior (generally faster than extinction with no extinction burst)
Negative side effects?
produce aggression
escape/avoidance behaviors
ethical issues
can easily overuse it
What factors influence the effectiveness of punishment?
immediacy contingency rules EO AO individual differences (what is a punisher)
When might you use punishment in behavior modification?
When behavior is harmful enough
When need rapid reduction in behavior
Only after other less restrictive procedures have failed
May be necessary when behavior is maintained by strong reinforcers that cannot be controlled by the therapist
