13 Flashcards
social positive reinforcement
When a positively reinforcing consequence is delivered by another person after the target behavior, and as a result the behavior is more likely to occur.
When a positively reinforcing consequence is delivered by another person after the target behavior, and as a result the behavior is more likely to occur.
social positive reinforcement
social negative reinforcement
When another person terminates an aversive interaction, task, or activity after the occurrence of a target behavior, and as a result, the behavior is more likely to occur.
When another person terminates an aversive interaction, task, or activity after the occurrence of a target behavior, and as a result, the behavior is more likely to occur.
social negative reinforcement
automatic positive reinforcement
When the behavior produces a positively reinforcing consequence automatically, and the behavior is strengthened, the behavior is said to be maintained by automatic positive reinforcement.
When the behavior produces a positively reinforcing consequence automatically, and the behavior is strengthened, the behavior is said to be maintained by automatic positive reinforcement.
automatic positive reinforcement
automatic negative reinforcement
Automatic negative reinforcement occurs when the target behavior automatically reduces or eliminates an aversive stimulus as a consequence of the behavior and the behavior is strengthened.
Automatic negative reinforcement occurs when the target behavior automatically reduces or eliminates an aversive stimulus as a consequence of the behavior and the behavior is strengthened.
automatic negative reinforcement
indirect assessment
Assessment that relies on information from others. The information on the problem behavior, antecedents, and consequences is not derived from direct observation but from retrospective report in interviews and questionnaires.
interviews are the most common assessment method used
Assessment that relies on information from others. The information on the problem behavior, antecedents, and consequences is not derived from direct observation but from retrospective report in interviews and questionnaires.
indirect assessment
direct assessment
Behavioral assessment involving direct observation and recording of the behavior as it occurs. Direct assessment may also refer to direct observation and recording of the antecedents and consequences of the behavior.
Behavioral assessment involving direct observation and recording of the behavior as it occurs.
direct assessment
ABC observation
A functional assessment method involving direct observation of the antecedents, the target behavior, and the consequences of the behavior. Typically conducted in the natural environment where the target behavior occurs.
A functional assessment method involving direct observation of the antecedents, the target behavior, and the consequences of the behavior. Typically conducted in the natural environment where the target behavior occurs.
ABC observation
checklist method
a list with columns for possible antecedents, behaviors, and consequences.
a list with columns for possible antecedents, behaviors, and consequences.
checklist method
functional assessment
The process of generating information on the events preceding and following the behavior in an attempt to determine which antecedents and consequences are reliably associated with the occurrence of the behavior.
The process of generating information on the events preceding and following the behavior in an attempt to determine which antecedents and consequences are reliably associated with the occurrence of the behavior.
functional assessment
functional analysis
A functional assessment method in which environmental events (antecedents and consequences of the behavior) are manipulated to demonstrate a functional relationship between the environmental events and the behavior.
A functional assessment method in which environmental events (antecedents and consequences of the behavior) are manipulated to demonstrate a functional relationship between the environmental events and the behavior.
functional analysis
exploratory functional analysis
A type of functional analysis in which the behavior analyst may not have a hypothesis about the reinforcing consequence maintaining the problem behavior and is exploring a range of possibilities in the functional analysis. An exploratory functional analysis typically includes three or four test conditions and a control condition. In each test condition, the behavior analyst presents an EO and a possible reinforcer for the problem behavior and, in a control condition, presents an AO and withholds the possible reinforcers.
A type of functional analysis in which the behavior analyst may not have a hypothesis about the reinforcing consequence maintaining the problem behavior and is exploring a range of possibilities in the functional analysis.
exploratory functional analysis
hypothesis-testing functional analysis
A type of functional analysis in which the goal is not to evaluate all possible functions, but to confirm or disconfirm the hypothesis. In this type of functional analysis, one condition (the test condition) presents the hypothesized EO, and when the problem behavior occurs, presents the hypothesized reinforcer. The other condition (the control condition) presents the hypothesized AO, and if the problem behavior occurs, does not provide the hypothesized reinforcer.
A type of functional analysis in which the goal is not to evaluate all possible functions, but to confirm or disconfirm the hypothesis.
hypothesis-testing functional analysis
What is the difference between function and topography and why is it important?
function: function of the behavior
topography: form of the behavior
What are the pros and cons of indirect assessment?
pros: quick
cons: relies on recall
What are the pros and cons of direct assessment?
pros: see the onset of the behavior
cons: takes more time and effort
What are the pros and cons of functional analysis?
pros: demonstrates a functional relationship between the controlling variables and the problem behavior.
cons: time, effort, and professional expertise needed
What questions might you ask for indirect assessment?
Describe the behavior?
When, where, and with whom are the behaviors most likely?
What does the person get from the behavior?
What questions might you ask for consequences?
What happens after the problem behavior occurs?
What do you do when the problem behavior occurs?
What changes after the problem behaviors occurs?
What does the child get after the problem behavior occurs?
What questions might you ask for antecedents?
When does the problem behavior occur?
What activities precede the behavior?
What do people say before the behavior?
When, where, and with whom is the behavior least likely to occur in?
