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POD from G > 5.7 Gram Negative Facultative Anaerobic Coccobacilli > Flashcards

5.7 Gram Negative Facultative Anaerobic Coccobacilli Flashcards

1
Q

what 3 genera fall under Pasturellaceae

A

Pasturella, Manheimia, Actinobacillus

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2
Q

How can we describe the growth of Pasturellaceae

A

nutritionally fastidious (require specific nutrients for growth); as such they survive poorly in the environment

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3
Q

how can we distinguish Enterobacterales genera from Pasturellaceae genera using a test

A

oxidase test (enterobacterales negative but pasturellaceae positive)

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4
Q

what does the oxidase test detect

A

the presence of cytochrome C oxidase in gram negative bacteria

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5
Q

Pasturellaceae (Pasturella, Manheimia and Actinobacillus) are present where in the body

A

upper respiratory tract

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6
Q

T/F many species of Pasturellaceae are host specific

A

T

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7
Q

what are important virulence factors for all pasturellaceae genera

A

RTX toxins

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8
Q

What type of pathogens are Pasturellaceae (intracellular or extracellular)

A

extracellular

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9
Q

Pasturellaceae genera cause what 2 conditions

A

septicemia and/or pneumonia

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10
Q

what is the main species of Pasturella

A

P. multocida

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11
Q

T/F P. multocida causes disease in humans

A

F

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12
Q

how many O antigen types of pasturella exist? what about capsule types?

A

16 (coding for LPS); Types A-E capsules

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13
Q

what are virulence factors of P. multocida

A
  • LPS, capsule, iron-aquisition, PMT toxin, adhesins
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14
Q

what Pasturella capsule types are not present in Canada? what type are most infections

A

B or E; A

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15
Q

what P. multocida toxin is involved in the following:

  • fowl cholera:
  • suppurative bronchopneumonia:
  • rabbit “snuffles:
  • cat bite abscess:
  • atrophic rhinitis of swine:
A
  • fowl cholera: A
  • suppurative bronchopneumonia: A
  • rabbit “snuffles: A
  • cat bite abscess: A
  • atrophic rhinitis of swine: D
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16
Q

fowl cholera is characterized by and caused by

A

septicemia in all birds; P. multocida

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17
Q

suppurative bronchopneumonia is characterized by and caused by

A

BRDC in cattle; also in swine; P. multocida

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18
Q

rabbit “snuffles” is characterized by and caused by

A

rhinitis, otitis, abscesses, pneumonia, septicemia; P. multocida

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19
Q

P. multocida secondary to enzootic pneumonia in pigs stains _________ with __________ stain

A

bipolar; Giemsa

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20
Q

atrophic rhinitis in pigs caused by P. multocida is characterized by (2)

A

deviation of the snout and turbinate atrophy

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21
Q

what 2 bacteria are associated with atrophic rhinitis in swine

A

Pasturella multocida and Bordetella bronchiseptica

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22
Q

what type of antibiotics are Pasturella resistant to

A

tetracyclines

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23
Q

there are vaccines against P. multocida in what species

A

turkeys and pigs

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24
Q

how do we treat P. multocida

A

antibiotic prophylaxis; vaccination

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25
what bacteria causes shipping fever in ruminants
Manheimia haemolytica
26
pneumonia caused by M. haemolytica appears how
pussy and fibrinous
27
what clinical signs are associated with shipping fever caused by M. haemolytica
rhinitis, pneumonia, cough
28
what bacteria is a commensal in the upper respiratory tract of cattle and sheep but causes disease when stressed
Manheimia haemolytica
29
what is the most virulent serotype of M. haemolytica
A1
30
what bacteria is the main pathogen of BRDC in cattle
M. haemolytica
31
what type of adhesins does M. haemolytica have
fimbrial and afimbrial
32
what type of toxin does M. haemolytica have and what does it target
leukotoxin RTX toxin; kills alveolar macrophages and neutrophils
33
what virulence factors does M. haemolytica have
- capsule - RTX toxin - transferrin-binding protein - LPS
34
what are predisposing factors to shipping fever
viral agents; environmental and host factors (transportation, weaning, co-mingling, change in rations, air and water quality)
35
how can we treat and prevent shipping fever caused by M. haemolytica
1) preconditioning (adapt to feed, dehorn, deworm, vaccinate, socialize) 2) prophylactic antibiotics
36
T/F resistance is becoming a problem with treating shipping fever
T
37
what are the 2 main spp of Actinobacillus and what species do they infect
swine; A. pleuropneumoniae; A. suis
38
most A. pleuropneumoniae require what for growth
NAD
39
what does A. pleuropneumoniae cause
fibrinohaemorrhagic pleuropneumonia
40
A. pleuropneumonia has ____ serotypes and ____ types of RTX toxins called ____ toxins
16-18; 4; Apx (I-IV)
41
all serotypes of A. pleuropneumoniae produce ____ toxin whereas only virulent serotypes produce ____ and _____
Apx IV; Apx I and II
42
how do we treat and manage A. pleuropneumoniae
treatment involves antibiotics and prevention involves vaccination and preventing mixing of pigs with different serological status
43
what does A. suis cause
septicemia and pneumonia in swine
44
A. suis causes more mortality in what health status herds
high health status
45
what virulence factors are important for A. suis infection
Apx I and II, capsule, LPS
46
what is required for Haemophilus spp. growth
haemin or NAD
47
what are the 2 species of Haemophilus
Glaesserella and Histophillus
48
Glaesserella parasuis causes _________ disease, which is characterized by (4)
Glasser's; polyserositis, polyarthritis, meningitis, arthritis
49
what animals are more prone to G. parasuis
high herd health status
50
how do we control and treat G. parasuis
treat with antibiotics; prevent with management and vaccines
51
where is the normal habitat of H. somni
genital tract of ruminants
52
in cattle: Histophilus somni causes (2)
septicemia and purulent bronchopneumonia
53
in sheep Histophilus somni causes (3):
mastitis, septicemia, polyarthritis
54
how do we control and treat H. somni
control with vaccines; treat with antibiotics
55
what does Bordetella bronchiseptica cause
tracheobronchitis
56
T/F B. bronchiseptica can be clinical or subclinical
T
57
T/F B. bronchiseptica causes zoonotic disease in all people
F; only immunocompromised
58
how does B. bronchiseptica cause disease
attaches to ciliated epithelium in the tracheo-bronchial tree and destroys the ciliated epithelium; causes persistent tracheal inflammation, resulting in coughting
59
what is the name of the toxin used by Bordetella bronchiseptica
adenylate-cyclase hemolysin
60
what does T. equigenitalis cause
persistent equine metritis
61
T/F horses can be carriers of T. equigenitalis
T
62
T/F T. equigenitalis is endemic in Canada
F
63
what causes contagious equine metritis
Taylorella equigenitalis

POD from G (46 decks)

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