5.4 Pancreas Flashcards
Where does the exocrine secret substances to?
Where does endocrine secret substances to?
The blood
Ducts
What is the endocrine group of cells called? ( the cells outside the islet of langerhans) A
Acinus
Where does the enzymes go from the acinus ducts? Duo
What/ where is this structure?
Duodenum
First part of the small intestine
What three enzymes does it release?
- P A
- T
- L
- Pancreatic amylase
- Trypsinogen
- Lipase
What does pancreatic amylase digesting what and what to?
- Amylose to maltose
What is trypsinogen? Inactive pr..
What is it converted to? When entering the ..?
-Inactive protease
- converted to active trypsin when it enters the duodenum
What does lipase do?
Digests lipid molecules
What does the beta cell in pancreas secrete?
What does the alpha cells secrete?
-Glucagon
- Insulin
When releasing insulin what channels are located around the cell?
Potassium and calcium channels
When glucose is too high in what will it do relating to the cell? What is metabolised into?
- enters the cell
- metabolised into ATP
What is the difference in pancreas islet of langerhans between the calcium and potassium ion channel?
- potassium ion channel is normally open
- calcium channel open when the potential difference in the cell is less negative. Otherwise closed
What happens in the cell when ATP is formed form glucose?
What does this cause across the cell? What does it become? Less..
- The potassium ions are closed
- Creating a potential difference across the cell. Becoming less negative.
When the cell becomes less negative how can the potential difference change in cells?
What does this (ion) cause insulin to do? What is this process? Ex
- Ca2+ ion channels are open
- causes insulin to move towards the cell, fuse and be released
- Exocytosis
What is hypoglycaemia?
Name one thing that happen when blood glucose is low and high?
When blood glucose is too high or too low
- low: irritability, tiredness
- high: diabetes, organ damage
What can glucose be converted to/ used for? 3
- converted to glycogen
- converted to fats
- used respiration