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Biology > 3.3 Transport In Plants > Flashcards

3.3 Transport In Plants Flashcards

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1
Q

What are dicotyledonous plants?

A
  • plants that have two seed leaves
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2
Q

What is the difference between herbaceous (her bae has just left) and woody plants?

A
  • herbaceous plants a short lived compared to woody plants
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3
Q

Where does root hair cell grow from?
I.e what is the outside layer of the dicotyledonous plant

E

A

Endodermis

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4
Q

Where is the cortex found? After where?

What does it contain? Pa

A

-Everywhere in plant ( largest portion) after endodermis

  • Parenchyma cells
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5
Q

What is the vascular bundles surrounded by?
C
What is the last layer of the vascular bundle?
E

A

Cortex

Endodermis

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6
Q

Where is the xylem placed in the vascular bundle?

C

A

In the center

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7
Q

Where is the pith located in the vascular bundle?
M/C

What does the pith consist of?

A

In the center in the middle

Parenchyma cells

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8
Q

When looking at the cross-section of a leaf what is the main part of the center called that contains the vascular bundle?
M

A

Midrib

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9
Q

What does the midrid provide?

A

Supports to leaf

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10
Q

Looking at cross section of a leave, where would photosynthesis take place?
PM

A

Upper layer in the Palisade Mesophyll

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11
Q

Where is lignin located?

What is its function?
Su, St

A

Xylem

Supports and Strength

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12
Q

What does the pits in the xylem allow?

-Water

And an example with cells in the leaves

A

Movement of water

E.g out of xylem to cells in leaves

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13
Q

What does praenchyma cells contain that deters herbivores from eating the plant? T

What is it a store of? S

A

Tannins

Starch

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14
Q

What two tissues does the phloem contain?

A

-Sieve tube elements
-Companion cells

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15
Q

What does the sieve tube elements as part of the phloem have between their cells? S 🍽️

A
  • sieve tube plates
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16
Q

What does companion cells contain a large amount of? M

A
  • Mitochondria
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17
Q

What are the channels that links the companion cells to the serve tube elements? Pl

A

Plasmodesmata

18
Q

What is the symplast pathway?
C ; pl

A
  • water moving through the cytoplasm and the plasmodesmata in the sieve tube elements
19
Q

When water moves from the root hair cells does in go down or up the water potential gradient?

A

Down

20
Q

Is symplast pathway slow or not?

Why?
- organelles

A
  • Slow
  • The pathway is obstructed by the organelles
21
Q

How does the apoplast pathway?

A

Through the cell wall and the spaces between the cells.

22
Q

Where is the Casprian strip located?

What does it prevent?

A

Endodermis wall

Prevent water flow from the apoplast pathway

23
Q

Looking at the cross- section of a plant what is the bottom part of the plant? SM

And what is the holes at the bottom? S

A

Spongy mesophyll

Stomata

24
Q

What happens when the water vapor in external air low?
To the stomata and the water vapor

T

A

Transpiration, the stomata opens water vapor diffused of the leaf.

25
Q

When transpiration is taking place what is the pulling effect of water called?
T

A

Tension

26
Q

What is adhesion and cohesion?
- hydrogen bonds

A

Adhesion- water from hydrogen bonds with molecules in the xylem vessels.

Cohesion- water forming hydrogen bonds with each other.

27
Q

What is capillary action? And where does it happen?

  • water.. gravity.. in
A

Water rises against gravity in thin tubes.

28
Q

What is transpiration pull include?

Ctt, Ca, t

A
  • Cohesion tension theory
  • Capillary action
  • tension (pull or water)
29
Q

What is the stomata Surrounded by? G

A

2 Guard cells

30
Q

In light conditions, what ion diffuses into the guard cells?

What does this ion do to water potential?

A
  • K+
  • lowers the water potential
31
Q

In the guard cells as water potential decreases what will happen? And by water process?

What happened to the guard cells after this process? T

A

Water moves into guard cells by osmosis

Guard cells become turgid (swell)

32
Q

What are the factors expecting transpiration?
L, H, T, A

A
  • Light intensity
  • relative humidity
  • Temperature
  • Air movement i
33
Q

What is the meaning of plants that are xerophytes?
Scarce

A

They live in conditions where water is very scarce.

34
Q

What do the sines of the Cati achevie?
-Sa: V ⬇️
- M air which reduces T

A
  • Reduce surface area to volume ratio
  • spine trap moist area near Catus >reducing transpiration
35
Q

Why does catus have a thick waxy cuticle?
Eva

A

Reduce evaporation of water

36
Q

In mammongrass looking at a cross section where is the stomata found? Sp

A

Sunken pits

37
Q

How is moist air trapped inside stomata’s/ suncken pits in mammongrass?

-Fine H trap

A

Fine hairs trap moist air around stomata

38
Q

How is sucrose transported from the source to companion cell? AT, transport.. and

  • what is the channel called? C
A

-Use active transport to transport H+ and causing H+ and sucrose to enter back in the companion cell

-co transporter channel

39
Q

When the concentration of sucrose in the companion cells is high, where does the sucrose go?
Through the?

A

-Sieve tube elements
-through the plasmodesmata

40
Q

The concentration of sucrose in the tube elements causes?

What pressure does it put inside sieve tube elements?

A
  • Water to move from xylem to the sieve tube elements
  • increase in hydrostatic pressure
41
Q

The bulk movement of phloem sap (sucrose) down to the sink is called?

When the phloem reaches the sink what are the two things sucrose can be converted into? G, S

A

Mass flow

Glucose and starch

42
Q

When the phloem sap reaches the sink what happens to water potential?

Where will the water go?
And what process does it continue? T

A

Increases

Back into Xylem
Transpiration stream

Biology (40 decks)

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