52. Circulatory disturbances of the lung; pulmonary edema. Fumonisin toxicosis in horse and swine Flashcards
Circulatory disturbances in the lungs
- hypostasis
- hyperemia
- congestion
- edema
- hemorrhages
- thrombosis
- embolism
- infarction
active hyperaemia of lungs
- Decreased O 2 in the alveoli
– drowning, high altitude - Fast drainage of thoracic fluid
- In physical training
- Initiatory phase of inflammations
- Perifocal hyperaemia
- Neural effect
passive hyperaemia of the lungs
- Disturbances in the function of the left heart
- In shock
- Torsion of a lobe
- Other venous stenosis
– obturation, compression - Agony
– long lasting passive hyperaemia
– heart failure cells (M ø + haemosiderin
– oedema of the lungs
non inflammatory lung oedema
– haemodynamic changes
– increased permeability of the a capillary wall
– decreased function of lymph vessels
– hypoalbuminaemia (dysproteinaemia)
inflammatory lung oedema
– special form: passive hyperaemia caused by the decreased work of the heart („hypostatic”) pneumonia
types of lung oedema
misleading
hyalinmembrane formation in alveoli
grazing emphysema and lung oedema of cattle
lung oedema of fattening pigs
hyalinmembrane formation in alveoli
serum from blood vessels to aveoli
- appears btw basal membrane among alveolar ep cells where it coagulates
Haemorrhages in the lungs
- per diapedesin haemorrhages
– in the interstitium and as free haemorrhages in the airways - per rhexin haemorrhages
–trauma - per diabrosin haemorrhages
– tissue destructive processes
(i.e. ichorous pneumonia, tuberculotic caverns etc.)
*Haemaspiration
– epistaxis, slaughtering
thrombosis in the lung
thrombosis of blood and/or lymph
*lymph
- in crupous pneumonia
– in actinobacillus pleuropneumonia
*blood
- lung arteries
Lung embolism
thrombo embolism
cells, cell groups
air bubbles embolism
fat droplets
foreign body embolism
Fumonisin toxicosis in horse
equine encephalomatia
Fumonisin toxicosis in swine
lung oedema of fattening pigs
lung lesions of Fumonisin toxicosis
-No inflammation
-increased permeability
- heavy, wet lungs with widened interlobular septa, fluid in the airways and the thoracic cavity (hydrothorax: modified transudate)
histopath of lung lesions of Fumonisin toxicosis
clear fluid and markedly dilated lymphatics in connective tissue around vessels and bronchi
cardiovascular hemodynamic changes of Fumonisin toxicosis
induced by negative ionotropic effect of toxin
decreased cardiac contractility increased pulmonary artery wedge pressure
pulmonary oedema caused by left sided heart failure
