38. regressive changes in the heart muscle and their pathological appearance. Myocarditis Flashcards

1
Q

regressive changes in heart muscle

A

hydropic degeneration
fatty infiltration
fatty degeneration
lipofuscinosis
myofibrillar degeneration
mineralization
myocardial necrosis

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2
Q

cause of myocardial necrosis

A

nutritional deficiencies
toxicities
physical injuries and shock
infections
myocardial infarct

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3
Q

toxicities causing myocardial necrosis

A

ionpohores
vit d
calcinogenic
t2 mycotoxin
uraemia

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4
Q

myocardial necrosis

A

focal, multifocal, diffuse
pale, dry
+/- gritty
outcome is either acute or chronic cardiac failure

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5
Q

healing of myocardial necrosis

A

by fibrosis

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6
Q

hydropic degeneration

A

due to
antineoplastic drugs
antiretroviral drugs
autointoxication

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7
Q

fatty infiltration

A

between the cardiac muscle fibres

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8
Q

fatty degeneration

A

in the sarcoplasma
due to anaemia and toxemia

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9
Q

lipofuscinosis

A

brown atrophy, accumulation of debris
due to ageing and cachexia

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10
Q

myofibrillar degeneration

A

aka myocytolysis
furazolidon toxicity in plants

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11
Q

mineralization

A

due to
vit e deficiency
vit d toxicity
calcinogenic plants

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12
Q

myocarditis cause

A

infections spread hematogenously to the myocardium
inflammation can spread from endo/peri cardium

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13
Q

lesions of myocarditis

A

pale areads
abscess or phlegmone in suppurative myocarditis

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14
Q

Outcome of myocarditis

A

complete resolution
residual scars
progressive myocardial damage

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15
Q

viral diseases causing myocarditis

A

parvo
pseudorabies
FMDV
encephalomyocarditis
distemper

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16
Q

bacteria diseases causing myocarditis

A

cl. chauvoei
listeria monocytogenes
cl. piliforme
fusobacterium necrophorum
mycobacterium
strep
actinobacillus equuli
steph
pastuerlla multocida

17
Q

protozoa diseases causing myocarditis

A

toxoplasma
sarcocystic
encephalitozooon cuniculi
trypanosoma cruzi

18
Q

paratitic diseases causing myocarditis

A

cysticercus cellulosae
trichinella spiralis

19
Q

idiopathic diseases causing myocarditis

A

eosinophilic myocarditis

20
Q

forms of myocarditis

A

serous myocarditis
lymphoplasmacytic/ lymphohistiocytic
purulent
putrid
eosinophilic
necrotizing
chronic

21
Q

serous myocarditis

A

inflammatory oedema
compression of myoctes
wavy appearance
complete resolution is possible

22
Q

lymphoplasmacytic

A

most frequent
caused my viruses
regressive alteration of myocytes
lymphocytes, plasma cells, histiocytes

23
Q

purulent myocarditis

A

pyogenic bacteria
by metastasis originating from vegetative valvular endocarditis on AV valves
or direct contact

24
Q

lesions of purulent myocarditis

A

septic infarcts
abscess formation
disseminated lesions
neutrophils and necrotic debris
phlegmone

25
Q

putrid myocarditis

A

saprophytic bacteria by metastasis or direct contact (TRP)

26
Q

eosinophilic myocarditis

A

idiopathic
allergy
parasites

27
Q

necrotizing myocarditis

A

fusobacterium necrophorum metastasis

28
Q

chronic myocarditis

A

fibroplastic