41. Pathologic changes of the arteries

Question 1

lesions of continuity of arteries

Answer 1

rupture of aorta/ pul artery
traumatic/ sponataneous
hear to heart –> tamponade

Question 2

changes in the lumen of the arteries

Answer 2

aneurysm
arterial hypertrophy
thromboembolism

Question 3

aneurysm definition

Answer 3

consequence of periarterial hematoma (following demarcation & reparation)

Question 4

2 types of aneurysm

Answer 4

concentric - diffuse
one sided - circumscribed

Question 5

aneurysma verminosum

Answer 5

strongylus vulgaris larvae in mesenteric artery
leave fibrin tracks

Question 6

arterial hypertrophy

Answer 6

proliferation of the media

Question 7

thromboembolism effect on kidney

Answer 7

renal infarcts

Question 8

physiological changes of arteries

Answer 8

subendothelial connective tissue thickening
extracellular lipid deposition
senile hyalinosis

Question 9

pathological changes of arteries

Answer 9

hyalinosis
fibrinoid degeneration
amyloidosis
fatty infiltration
necrosis
arteriosclerosis

Question 10

hyalinosis ( intracellular accumulation)

Answer 10

infilitration of vascular wall by plasma from the lumen
muscular elements, elastic fibres degenerate,
lipid and calcium deposition

Question 11

fibrinoid degeneration

Answer 11

consquence of intoxication, allergy, intra mural haematoma or thrombosis

Question 12

fibrinoid degeneration histopath

Answer 12

endothelial cell proliferation, followed by concentric, laminar, intimal fibrosis
fibrosis may occlude vascular lumens

Question 13

vascular amyloidosis (extracellular accumulation)

Answer 13

Amiloidosis (green )
deposition may be concentric or patchy
sulfated alcian blue or congo red

Question 14

fatty infiltration of arterial wall

Answer 14

oil red o
neutral fat is deposited in media of arteries

Question 15

arterial fibrinoid necrosis in placenta

Answer 15

wall is composed of amorphous, a cellular pink necrotic material

Question 16

arteriosclerosis

Answer 16

thickening and hardening of arteries
loss of elastic fibres
atherosclerosis
calcification of arterial media
thickening of intim
arteriosclerosis (brain, spleen, pancreas)

Question 17

macroscopic lesions of ateriosclerosis

Answer 17

thick calcified rings along aorta

Question 18

atheroma

Answer 18

fatty deposits developing on inner lining of arteries - composed of cholesterol, vascular smooth muscle cells and inflammatory cells

Question 19

consequence of atherosclerosis

Answer 19

ischemia due to obstruction
thrombus formation

Question 20

what does atheroma consist of

Answer 20

a fibrous cap overlying a lipid mass (necrotic centre)

Question 21

cause of arteritis

Answer 21

infection
autoimmune
parasite
panarteritis nodosa

Question 22

intmie layer involved in arteritis

Answer 22

enarteriitis

Question 23

media layer involved in arteritis

Answer 23

mesoarteriitis

Question 24

adventitia layer involved in arteritis

Answer 24

periarteriitis

Question 25

all layers involved in arteritis

Answer 25

panarteriitis