5. BRAIN MECHANISMS AND BEHAVIOUR (PART 2) Flashcards
1
Q
- What are the 7 most important neurotransmitters?
A
- Acetylcholine
- Epinephrine
- Norepinephrine
- Dopamine
- Serotonin
- GABA
- Endorphins
2
Q
- What behaviour is Acetylcholine responsible for?
A
- voluntary muscle control
- parasympathetic nervous system functionality
- attention
- alertness
3
Q
- What behaviours are Epinephrine and Norepinephrine responsible for?
A
- flight or fight responses
- wakefulness
- alertness
4
Q
- What behaviour is Dopamine responsible for?
A
- smooth movements
- stability
5
Q
- What behaviour is Serotonin responsible for?
A
- mood
- sleep
- eating
- dreaming
6
Q
- What behaviour is GABA responsible for?
A
- brain stabilisation
7
Q
- What behaviour are Endorphins responsible for?
A
- they are natural pain killers
8
Q
- What is the Central Nervous system responsible for?
A
- it is responsible for processing information that was gathered from the rest of the nerves
- it then uses this information to transmit instructions to the body
9
Q
- What are the types of reflexes that travel through the Spinal Cord?
A
- the reflexes that control the heart
- the reflexes that control the muscles
- the reflexes that control the glands and organs
10
Q
- What do Somatic reflexes control?
A
- they control involuntary movements
- they control skeletal muscles
11
Q
- How are reflexes developed?
A
- they are developed through repetition
- they involve learning complex motor patterns
12
Q
- What is the true centre of our nervous system?
A
- the brain
- it is the source of all our behaviours
- it is the source of our thoughts
- it is the source of our feelings
- it is the source of our experiences
13
Q
- Label the parts 1-7.
A
- Forebrain
- Frontal Lobe
- Parietal Lobe
- Occipital Lobe
- Hind brain
- Brainstem
- Temporal lobe
14
Q
- What does the Forebrain consist of?
A
- the cerebrum
(this consists of the cerebral cortex and the corpus
callosum) - the thalamus
- the hypothalamus
- these are all parts of the limbic system
15
Q
- What does the Midbrain consist of?
A
- the tegtum
- the tegmentum
16
Q
- What does the Hindbrain consist of?
A
- the cerebellum
- the pons
- the medulla
17
Q
- What does the term “brainstem” refer to?
A
- the midbrain, the pons and the medulla together
18
Q
- What is the Cerebrum?
What is it in control of?
A
- it is also known as the Cortex
- it is the largest part of the human brain
- it is associated with higher brain functions
(thought, actions)
19
Q
- What is the Frontal lobe responsible for?
A
- reasoning
- planning
- parts of speech
- movements
- emotions
- problem solving
20
Q
- What is the Parietal lobe responsible for?
A
- it controls movement
- orientation
- recognition
21
Q
- What is the Occipital lobe associated with?
A
- visual perception
- processing
22
Q
- What is the Temporal Lobe responsible for?
A
- control perception
- recognition of auditory stimuli
- memory
- speech
23
Q
- How does the wrinkly appearance of the cerebral cortex make the brain more efficient?
A
- it increases the surface area of the brain
- it increases the amount of neurons within it
24
Q
- Do the two hemispheres look symmetrical?
A
- they look mostly symmetrical
- each side functions slightly differently from the other
25
Q
- What does the right hemisphere focus on?
A
- it focuses on the creativity
26
Q
- What does the left hemisphere focus on?
A
- it is associated with logical abilities
27
Q
- What is the Corpus Callosum?
A
- it is the bundle of axons
- it connects the two hemispheres
28
Q
- What is the Cerebellum?
A
- this is also known as the little brain
- it is similar to the cerebrum because it has two
hemispheres - it has a highly folded surface
- this is called the Cortex
- the structure helps with the regulation and the coordination of movement, posture and balance
29
Q
- What is the limbic system often referred as?
A
- it is referred to as the emotional brain
- it is found deep with the cerebrum
30
Q
- What does the limbic system contain?
A
- the thalamus
- the hypothalamus
- the amygdala
- the hippocampus
31
Q
- What is the thalamus?
A
- it is a massive gray matter located in the forebrain
- it acts as a centre for pain perception
32
Q
- What is the function of the hypothalamus?
A
- it is to regulate homeostasis
- to regulate emotion
- to regulate thirst and hunger
- it regulates the autonomic nervous system
33
Q
- What is the amygdala?
A
- it is the part of the telencephalon
- it is located in the temporal lobe
- it is involved in memory, emotion and fear
34
Q
- What is the hippocampus?
A
- this is the part of the brain that is important for learning
- it is important for memory
- it is important for converting short term memory to long term memory
35
Q
- What is found underneath the Limbic system?
A
- the brain stem
36
Q
- What is the brain stem?
A
- it is responsible for the basic vital life functions:
- breathing
- heart beat
- blood pressure
37
Q
- Why is the brain stem considered the most simple part of the brain?
A
- this is because the entire brain of animals
(such as reptiles)
resembles the brain stem
38
Q
- What is the mid brain responsible for?
A
- vision
- hearing
- eye movement
- body movement
39
Q
- What are the functions of the medulla oblongata and the pons?
A
- they have the centres of the vital functions
(these include breathing and heart beat)
