14. MEMORY RETRIEVAL

Question 1

1. What is necessary for Memory Retrieval?

Answer 1

• a cue is required
  (a prompt, a reminder, a question)

Question 2

2. What leads to easier retrieval?

Answer 2

• having more information available
• having a good filing system
  (using mnemonics to remember something)
  (making something personally relevant to you in order to remember it better)

Question 3

3. What affects Retrieval?

Answer 3

• interference
• this can be either proactive or retroactive retrieval

Question 4

4. What are the three factors that affect Retrieval?

Answer 4

1. Levels of Processing
2. Organisation
3. Context

Question 5

5. What does Levels of Processing refer to?

Answer 5

• the more that something is elaborated at the time of encoding
• the easier it will be to retrieve

Question 6

6. What does Organisation refer to?

Answer 6

• it refers to the organisation of concepts in memory
• it refers to the fact that the associations between the concepts stored in the Long Term Memory facilitate recall

Question 7

7. What is Context?

Answer 7

• it is when you are in the same place or the same emotional state as you were in at the time of the encoding
• this facilitates recall
• this is known as STATE DEPENDENT MEMORY

Question 8

8. What are the three types of Memory?

Answer 8

1. Short Term Memory
2. Working Memory
3. Long Term Memory

Question 9

9. What are the 5 types of Long Term Memory?

Answer 9

1. Episodic Memory
   (autobiographical Memory)
2. Semantic Memory
3. Declarative Memory
4. Procedural Memory
5. Prospective Memory

Question 10

10. What is Episodic Memory (Autobiographical Memory)?

Answer 10

• it is memory tat sores every event and fact that you have been involved in
• we are preferentially more likely to remember this kind of information

Question 11

11. What is an example of Episodic Memory?

Answer 11

If one experiences Brain Damage:
- they are likely to lose much information from their
memory

- HOWEVER, autobiographical/episodic memory 
   seems to be spared 
- this is because the last thing we lose is the memory 
  of who we are, where we have been and what we 
  have experienced

Question 12

12. What is Semantic Memory?

Answer 12

• it is the memory about the facts of the world

EG: London is the capital of England

Question 13

13. What is Declarative Memory?

Answer 13

• it is the memory of facts and events
• it refers to the memories that can be consciously recalled (declared)

Question 14

14. What is another name for Declarative Memory?

Answer 14

• Explicit Memory
• it consists of information that is explicitly stored and
  retrieved

Question 15

15. What is Procedural Memory?

Answer 15

• it is the memory for procedures

Eg: driving a car

Question 16

16. What is Prospective Memory?

Answer 16

• it is the memory for the tasks we will do in the future

EG: to buy milk on the way home from my lecture