法律英语随身听 5 取证

Question 1

3.2 取证

Answer 1

Discovery

Question 2

（1）在审判开始前，当事人通常进行取证，以便通过这一程序获取与争议（即诉讼标的）有关的事实。

Answer 2

Before the actual trial begins, parties usually engage in discovery, a process for obtaining the facts concerning the dispute which is the subject of the lawsuit.

Question 3

审判

Answer 3

trial

Question 4

进行取证

Answer 4

engage in discovery

Question 5

程序【实际上指的是取证的过程，翻译成“程序”】

Answer 5

process

Question 6

获取事实

Answer 6

obtain the facts

Question 7

与。。。有关的事实

Answer 7

facts concerning…

Question 8

争议（即诉讼标的）

Answer 8

dispute, which is the subject of the lawsuit…

Question 9

（2）取证包括录取证言（亲自询问了解诉讼争议的证人），书面质询（由一方的律师准备书面问题，送至另一方的律师以获取对这些问题的回答），出示和检查另一方拥有的文件（包括录音磁带、记录以及其他证明文件）。

Answer 9

The discover involves deposition (questioning in person of witnesses who have knowledge of the subject matter of the dispute), interrogatory (written questions prepared by the attorney of one side and sent to the attorney of the other side for answers), and production and inspection of documents in the possession of the other (including records, transcripts and other forms of evidentiary matters).

Question 10

包括

Answer 10

involve

Question 11

录取证言

Answer 11

deposition

Question 12

书面质询

Answer 12

interrogatory

Question 13

出示和检查另一方拥有的文件

Answer 13

production and inspection of documents in the possession of the other

Question 14

出示

Answer 14

production

Question 15

拥有的

Answer 15

in the possession of sb.

Question 16

了解诉讼争议

Answer 16

who have knowledge of the subject matter of the dispute

Question 17

亲自询问证人

Answer 17

question in person of witnesses

Question 18

书面问题

Answer 18

written question

Question 19

一方的律师

Answer 19

the attorney of one side

Question 20

送至

Answer 20

sent to

Question 21

另一方的律师

Answer 21

the attorney of the other side

Question 22

以获取对这些问题的回答

Answer 22

for answers

Question 23

录音磁带

Answer 23

records

Question 24

记录

Answer 24

transcripts

Question 25

其他证明文件【指的是其他形式的证明文件】

Answer 25

other forms of evidentiary matters

Question 26

（3）通常情况下法庭不介入取证程序。

Answer 26

Courts usually do not participate in the discovery process.

Question 27

不介入【就是“不参与”的意思】

Answer 27

do not participate in

Question 28

取证程序【指取证的过程。以后这么翻译，取证是一个过程！】

Answer 28

discovery process

Question 29

（4）《联邦民事诉讼规则》和各州法院的诉讼规则都详细规定了取证的程序规则。

Answer 29

The Federal Rules of the Civil Procedure, as well as the rules of procedure established for the court system in each state specify the procedures by which discovery may be conducted.

Question 30

《联邦民事诉讼规则》

Answer 30

The Federal Rules of the Civil Procedure

Question 31

诉讼规则

Answer 31

rules of procedure

Question 32

各州法院的诉讼规则

Answer 32

the rules of procedure established for the court system in each state

Question 33

详细规定

Answer 33

specify

Question 34

取证的程序规则【通过这些程序进行取证】

Answer 34

the procedures by which discovery may be conducted

Question 35

（5）在取证中发现的事实可以由当事人用来：向联邦或州法院提出审前动议，要求撤销案件（称为“即判决动议”），当事人可以称由于没有事实争议，法院可以在正式提审前做出裁决；或为正式开庭做准备；或帮助当事人正确估计自己的情况以便能达成和解。

Answer 35

The facts thus discovered in cases brought in either state or federal court can be used to prepare a pre-trial motion to dispose of the case (called a motion for summary judgment), in which one or more parties argue that a decision can be rendered before trial since there are no disputed questions of facts; to prepare for an actual trial on the merits, or to assist the parties in evaluating the merits or weakness of their cases for settlement purpose.

Question 36

审前动议

Answer 36

pre-trial motion

Question 37

要求撤销案件

Answer 37

to dispose of the case

Question 38

即判决动议

Answer 38

a motion for summary judgment

Question 39

当事人可以称

Answer 39

one or more parties argue that

Question 40

由于没有事实争议

Answer 40

since there are no disputed questions of facts

Question 41

法院可以在正式提审前做出裁决

Answer 41

a decision can be rendered before trial

Question 42

正式提审【审判】

Answer 42

trial

Question 43

做出裁决

Answer 43

render a decision

Question 44

on the merits

Answer 44

[词典] 依据是非曲直，依据法律，实体审判，基于案情实质，基于法定权利

[例句]They debated for over an hour on the merits of the different systems.
他们就几种不同体制的优点辩论了一个多小时。

Question 45

以便能达成和解

Answer 45

for settlement purpose

Question 46

自己的情况【自己案件有什么优势和劣势】

Answer 46

the merits or weakness of their cases

Question 47

提出

Answer 47

prepare