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MED 107- MEDICAL PHYSICS II > 49. NUCLEAR IMAGING: ANGER CAMERA > Flashcards

49. NUCLEAR IMAGING: ANGER CAMERA Flashcards

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1
Q
  1. How do we obtain the functional imaging of organs during nuclear medicine?
A
  • we use a large Scintillation Device
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2
Q
  1. What did Hal Oscar Anger do in the 1950s?
A
  • he developed the basic design of the Modern Nuclear
    Medicine camera
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3
Q
  1. What happens at the Camera Head in this image?
A
  • this is where we find the Scintillation Crystals
  • this is where we find the Photomultiplier Tubes
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4
Q
  1. What role is the patient playing in this image?
A
  • the patient is the source of the Radiation
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5
Q
  1. What are the 4 main components of the Anger Camera?
A
  1. Collimator
  2. Camera Head
  3. Electronics
  4. Computers
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6
Q
  1. What is the role of the Collimator?
A
  • it prevents the photons from passing and reaching the
    crystal
  • this is due to the holes and the sceptres
  • these are made of lead
  • this lead absorbs the photons
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7
Q
  1. What happens when the Gamma Rays pass through the holes and the sceptres?
A
  • the gamma rays are singled out to only specific
    directions
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8
Q
  1. What is the Camera Head compiled of?
A
  • the Crystal
  • the Photomultiplier Tubes (PMTs)
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9
Q
  1. What do we the Computers do?
A
  • they acquire images
  • they process the images
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10
Q
  1. What happens in order to produce Digital images?
A
  • light photons are converted into a signal
  • this is a result of the presence of the Photo Multiplier
    Tubes
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11
Q
  1. What is the Function of the Collimator?
A
  • it restricts the rays from the source
  • this ensures that each point in the image corresponds
    to a unique point in the source
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12
Q
  1. What are Collimators composed of?
A
  • they are composed of thousands of precisely aligned
    holes
  • these holes are depicted in a cross section
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13
Q
  1. What do Nuclides emit?
A
  • they emit Gamma Ray Photons in all directions
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14
Q
  1. What does the Collimator allow for?
A
  • it allows for only specific photons to reach the crystal
  • these are the photons that travel directly along the
    long axis of each hole
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15
Q
  1. What is the usefulness of the Collimator function?
A
  • we cut the photons that are not useful
  • we reduce the sensitivity
  • this increases the resolution
  • this ensures that the image is clear
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16
Q
  1. What happens with the photons that are emitted in any other direction?
    (than the directly along the long axis)
A
  • these are absorbed by the Septa
  • this is found between the holes
17
Q
  1. Where do we place the Collimator?
A
  • in front of the Crystal
18
Q
  1. What is the purpose of the different types of Collimators?
A
  • they are designed to channel photons of different energies
19
Q
  1. What are the benefits of choosing the correct type of Collimator?
A
  • we can either magnify the images
  • or we can reduce the images
20
Q
  1. What other two factors can we select between when we chose a specific type of Collimator?
A
  • imaging quality
  • imaging speed
21
Q
  1. What kind of Collimator does this image represent?
A
  • a Parallel Hole Collimator
  • this produces a high- sensitivity
  • it produces a low-resolution
22
Q
  1. What kind of bore does a Parallel Hole Collimator have?
A
  • it has a Standard Bore
  • it is designed for rectangular gamma heads to
    work alongside it
  • it is used to image small organs
    (heart / brain)
23
Q
  1. What affects the image quality?
A
  • the size of the hole of the Collimator
24
Q
  1. What kind of Collimator does this image show?
A
  • a Diverging Collimator
  • this is used to mage objects that are larger than the
    field of view of the detector
  • this detector has a parallel hole collimator
25
Q
  1. What kind of Collimator does this image show?
A
  • a Converging Collimator
  • this magnifies the image on the Camera face
  • it has a higher resolution
  • it has a higher sensitivity
26
Q
  1. What kind of Collimator does this image show?
A
  • a Pinhole Collimator
  • it has a high resolution
  • it has a low sensitivity
  • it magnified the organ
27
Q
  1. What does a smaller Collimator hole diameter result in?
A
  • a higher resolution
  • less noise in the image
28
Q
  1. What does a larger Collimator hole diameter result in?
A
  • more photons passing through the Collimator
  • more blur
  • lower resolution

MED 107- MEDICAL PHYSICS II (108 decks)

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