47 - Sensory Alterations Flashcards
Kinesthetic
(position and movement of body parts)
Stereognosis
(recognition of object texture and size)
Reception
Stimulation of receptor nerve cell such as for light, touch, or sound
Perception or awareness
Integration and interpretation of stimuli
Reaction
Usually only the most important stimuli will elicit a reaction
Sensory deficits
Loss in the normal function of sensory reception and perception
Reliance on other senses
May affect behaviour
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD)
loss of central vision
Cataract
cloudy/blur of vision
Diabetic retinopathy
pathological change in eye blood vessles (can leak/go into blindless, leading cause of vision loss of vision in under 50yrs)
Glaucoma
increased pressure in eye that damaged optic nerve
Dry eyes
eldery is prone to dry eyes (so anti-colonergic meds that cause dry eyes can lead to falls)
Refractive errors
most common kind of vision loss, fixed with glasses (myopia, hyperopia, presbyopia )
Retinal detachment
when retnia develops small hole or tears
Conductive hearing loss
sounds waves aren’t effectively transmitted (can be caused by common cold)
Presbycusis
age related hearing loss, can’t hear high pitch sounds, gradual
Central auditory processing disorders
result of damage to auditory centers
Cerumen accumulation
buildup of earwax
Ménière’s disease
inner ear disorder (can have tinnitus, vertigo), generally buildup of fluid in ear
Otitis media
common ear infection
Otosclerosis
hereditary, hardening of ear ossicles, progressive loss
Sensorineural hearing loss – damage to cochlea, hearing nerve or hair cells
Tinnitus
ringing/buzzing in ear
Benign positional vertigo
a problem in the inner ear. It is the most common cause of vertigo, which is a false sensation of spinning or movement.
Xerostomia
lack of salivia (causes lack of food intake)
Peripheral neuropathy
dying nerves in extremites (often due to diabeties)
Sensory processing disorder
overwhelmed by sensory info coming in
Sensory deprivation
Inadequate quality or quantity of stimulation (e.g., patient under isolation precautions)
Sensory overload
Reception of multiple sensory stimuli
Varying tolerance of sensory overload
Aphasia
loss of ability to understand speach
Expressive aphasia
Expressive aphasia - you know what you want to say, but you have trouble saying or writing what you mean.
Sensory or receptive aphasia
Receptive aphasia - you hear the voice or see the print, but you can’t make sense of the words
Can’t understand written/spoken language
Global aphasia
Global Aphasia is the most severe form of aphasia and is applied to patients who can produce few recognizable words and understand little or no spoken words
can’t understand lauguage or communicatie orally
