30 - Vital Signs

Question 1

Normal Range: Temp

Answer 1

36-38ºC

Average oral or tympanic: 37ºC
Average rectal: 37.5ºC
Average axillary: 36.5ºC

Question 2

Normal Range: Respiratory Rate

Answer 2

10-20 breaths per min

Question 3

Normal Range: Pulse Pressure

Answer 3

30-50 beats per min

Question 4

Normal Range: SP02

Answer 4

over 95%

Question 5

Normal Range: Pulse

Answer 5

60-100

Question 6

Normal Range: Systolic Blood Pressure

Answer 6

120-139mmHG

Question 7

Normal Range: Diastolic Blood Pressure

Answer 7

80-89mmHG

Question 8

Thermoregulation

Answer 8

balance of heat loss/production

Question 9

Radiation

Answer 9

heat transfers from surface of one object to another without contact

Question 10

Conduction

Answer 10

transfer of heat from one object to another via touch

Question 11

Convection

Answer 11

transfer of heat away from body by air movement

Question 12

Evaporation

Answer 12

transfer of heat when liquid changes to gas

Question 13

Diaphoresis

Answer 13

visible perspiration (sweating, especially to an unusual degree as a symptom of disease or a side effect of a drug.)

Question 14

Fever (pyrexia)

Answer 14

occurs because mechanism for heat loss can’t keep up with excess temp

Question 15

Pyrogens

Answer 15

fever causing agent (phases: chill phase, plateau, pygrogen removed)

Question 16

Febrile

Answer 16

• body temperaturegreaterthan 38.0 °C 24 h before or after the seizures

Question 17

afebrile

Answer 17

group was defined as those having a body temperature less than 38.0 °C 24 h before and after the seizures.

Question 18

Hyperthermia

Answer 18

body temp that’s elevated due to bods inability to promote heat loss (overload of bod thermoregulation mehanisms)

Question 19

Malignant hyperthermia

Answer 19

due to exposure to anestetics, Body starts attacking itself

Question 20

Heatstroke

Answer 20

prolonged exposure to sun, this is extreme and people likely die. Its not a touch of heatstroke.

Question 21

Heat exhaustion

Answer 21

occurs when theres acute diaryarises causing eloctolyte loss

Question 22

Hypothermia

Answer 22

heat loss due to prolonged exposure to cold (determined by CORE temp check, not surface )

Question 23

Frostbite

Answer 23

ice crystals form inside tissue cells

Question 24

Antipyretics

Answer 24

medications that reduces fever (acetomenophine)

Question 25

The pulse

Answer 25

the bounding of arterial blood flow that is palpable at various points on the body.

Question 26

Tachacardia

Answer 26

increased heart rate more than 100 b/min

Question 27

Brachacardia

Answer 27

decrease heart rate less than 60 beats/min

Question 28

Pulse deficite

Answer 28

is (apical – radial) pulse

Question 29

dysrhythmia

Answer 29

abnormality is psychological rhythm

Question 30

Hypoxemia

Answer 30

low levels of arterial O2. This stimulates the patient to breathe

Question 31

Cardiac output

Answer 31

increase with increase in heart rate/muscle contraction/blood volume volume of blood pumped by the heart in 1 minute

Question 32

Peripheral resistance

Answer 32

blood vessels constrict and dilate. Smaller diameter of vessel the higher the resistance the higher the pressure

Question 33

Viscosity

Answer 33

thickness of blood, impacted by hematocrit

Question 34

Hypertension

Answer 34

``` BP greater than 140/90 mm Hg More common than hypotension Thickening of walls Loss of elasticity Family history Risk factors ```

Question 35

Hypotension

Answer 35

``` Systolic pressure less than 90 mm Hg Dilation of arteries Loss of blood volume Decrease of blood flow to vital organs Orthostatic / postural ```

Question 36

Ortostatic Hypotension

Answer 36

normal person get syptoms of hypotension when rising NEED TO KNOW. Drops bp during movement, could get dizzy/fall. People who are anemic or on meds can get this. You can check this by getting bp measurement while sitting, standing and lying. Faiting weakness/lightheadedness