4-Pulmonary Function Tests Flashcards

1
Q

physiologic dead space is = to

A

VD = anatomic dead space + functional dead space

physiologic dead space = volume of conducting airways + alveoli that not participate in gas xchange

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2
Q

minute ventilation

A

total rate of air movement into/out of lungs

= tidal volume x respiration rate

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3
Q

alveolar minute ventilation

A

rate that new air reaches the gas exchange areas of lungs

= respiration rate x (tital vol - dead space)

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4
Q

effects on alveolar minute ventilation

A

inc respiration rate and dec tidal vol = greater proportion of alveolar ventilation contributing to dead space

inc tidal vol greater effect that respiration rate

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5
Q

spirometry

A

measure lung volumes and air flow
-shown on a graph, slope = airflow

need other tests for helium dilution, whole body plethysmograph, esophageal balloon

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6
Q

imaging

A
  1. ventilation perfusion lung scan for detecting embolisms
  2. chest x ray
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7
Q

forced vital capacity

A

total vol that can be forcibly expired after maximal inspiration

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8
Q

lung volume differences in obstructive vs restrictive

A

restricted = dec all lung vols
obstructive = inc in TLC, inc residual, inc FRC

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9
Q

spirometry analysis of obstructive

A

graph can show flat inspiratory cuve, flat expiratory, or both
-if upper airway obstruct then variable or fixed

common causes are tumors and fibrotic structures

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10
Q

spirometry analysis of restrictive

A

lung vols are lower in general
-dec vital capacity, IC, lower RV/ERV/FRC

looks like an orange slice

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11
Q

evaluating FEV1 and FVC

A

normal ratio = 0.8
obstruct = FEV1 < FVC so dec ratio <0.7
restrict = FEV1 > FVC so ratio inc

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