3-Disease Causing Bacteria Flashcards
classifying and grouping
- taxonomic- 16s rRNA, cell envelope structure, shape arrangement, metabolic indicator
- nontaxonomic- lifestyle, unique characters, infection pattern
anaerobes more likely cause
abscesses bc lack oxygen
mycobacterium tuberculosis cause
tissue tropism
clinical approach
- site of infection and symtomology
- quick tests to ID pathogens
- sensitivity testing
corynebacterium diptheria
highly pleomorphic
causes diptheria, pharyngitis, can lead to death
TDaP vaccine
listeria monocytogenes
-short rods
-intracellular pathogen
-raw vegetables and ready to eat meats
-age extremes and preg high risk
survive at high salt, wide pH, and 1-45 celcius
how divide gram + cocci
whether they produce catalase or not
staphylococcus
gram + cocci cluster catalase +
grow in variety of conditions, many on skin or nares
medically relevant staphylococcus
- S. aureus- golden appearance, not coag
- S. saprophyticus- saprophyte
- S. epidermidis- skin
2 & 3 test by novobiocin sensitive, will coagulate
MRSA
methicillin resistant S. aureus
-resist to every beta-lactam
hemolysis pattern alpha
green = partial hemolysis on blood agar
beta hemolysis
complete clearing, hemolysis on blood agar
gamma hemolysis
no discoloration, no hemolysis
streptococcus
gram + cocci catalase neg in chains
most facultative anaerobes
GAS- strep. pyogenes
transient colonizer or oropharync inkids/young adults
strep throat, scarlet fever,
GBS-strep. agalactiae
normal microbiota of GI and GU
preg women and neonates
viridans group strep
no lancefield antigens
Strep. pneumoniae
E. facecalis and facecium
Strep. pneumoniae
gram + diplococci in chains
will lyse in bile salts
E. faecalis and faecium
group D strep
UTIs
diplococci aerobic
- neisseria meningitidis (maltose +)
- neisseria gonorrhea (maltose -)
Neisseria spp
gram - cocci in pairs, coffee bean shape
-miningitidis and gonorrhoeae
moraxella catarrhalis
gram - diplococci
-bronchitis, sinusitis, middle ear infection
pseudomonas aeruginosa
gram neg rod, NON ferment
-oxidase pos
extensive burns
escherichia coli
gram neg rods
-fac anaerobes and lactose ferment pos
-part of normal microbiota but some strict pathogens
salmonella spp
gram - rods fac anaerobe
typhi = strict human pathogen, only in humans, typhoid fever
non-typhoidal = strict human and in variety of animals, mild diarrhea
produec hydrogen sulfide
shigella
gram - rods fac anaerobe
-intracell pathoden, strict, humans only
diarrhea > dysentery
yersinia
gram - rods fac anaerobe
-many animal reservoirs
-plague, bloody diahhrea,
enterobacteriaceae
- klebsiella pneumoniae
- proteus mirabilis- UTIs
rare infections from hospitals
- enterobacter aerogenes
- serratia marcescens
vibrio
curved rods, gram -
grow in alkaline pH, marine water so salt tolerant
vibrio relevant species
- V. cholerae
- V. vulnificus
- V. parahaemolyticus
camphylobacter jejuni
animal reservoirs
helicobacter pylori
gram neg curved rods microaerophilic
colonization in stomach
coccobacilli
gram neg, oval shape
haemophilus influenzae
capsule/typed strains
nontypeable/no capsule
P. multocida
abscess formation in animal bites
brucella spp
- abortus
- melitensis
- suis
intracellular pathogens
spontaenous abortions
francisella tularensis
aerobic
bordetella pertussis
restricted to humans, strict patho
whooping cough
mycobacterium
not gram staining
M. avium complex
M. leprae
M. leprae
animal
mycoplasma pneumoniae
legionella pneumophilia
spirochetes
- borrelia
- leptospira interrogans
- treponema palladium