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Block 3 Found Sci > 3-Virology > Flashcards

3-Virology Flashcards

1
Q

virus

definition

A

tiny acellular obligate parasite
-nucleic acid/genome + protein coat/capsid

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2
Q

how viruses replicate

A

assembly of pre formed components NOT binary fission (like bacteria)

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3
Q

virus components

A

genome (segmented or continguos)+ capsid surrounded by
1. matrix/tegument
2. envelope
3. viral attachment proteins

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4
Q

genome types

A

DNA- single or double
RNA- single (neg or pos sense) or double

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5
Q

pos sense ssRNA

A

can be recognized to make proteins

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6
Q

neg sense ssRNA

A

not recognized for protein syn right away
-need to be turned into pos sense

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7
Q

ssDNA families

A
  1. parvoviridae
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8
Q

dsDNA families

A
  1. papillomaviridae
  2. polyomaviridae
  3. adenoviridae
  4. herpesviridae
  5. poxviridae
  6. hepadnaviridae
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9
Q

HAPPY

mneumonic

A

H = herpes, hepadna

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10
Q

dsRNA families

A
  1. reoviridae
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11
Q

-ssRNA families

A
  1. ortomyxo
  2. paramyxo
  3. rhabdo
  4. bunya
  5. arena
  6. filo
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12
Q

+ssRNA

A
  1. matona
  2. flaviv
  3. corona
  4. retro
  5. picorna
  6. calici
  7. hepe

end in viridae

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13
Q

RNA virus properties

A
  1. labile and transient bc easier to kill
  2. repl in cytoplasm
  3. cells cannot rep RNA- viruses must encode an RNA dependent RNA polymerase or have it packaged in virion itself
  4. prone to mutation so evade immune sys
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14
Q

capsid shapes

A

-helical/tube/slinky
-icosahedral, like letter die
-complex, mixture of helical and icosahedral

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15
Q

naked capsid viruses

non enveloped

A

-spread easily, survive in adverse conditions even if dry out, resistant to detergents

-kill cells that they infect bc released by lysis

-all gastroenteritis viruses non eveloped

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16
Q

enveloped viruses

A

-adapted to rely on lipid layer for infectious so must stay in moist environ
-not survive GI tract, disrupted by pH
-not need to kill cell to spread

17
Q

life cycle summary

A
  1. attachment
  2. entry
18
Q

direct fusion

A

attachment and entry simultaneous
-enveloped viruses only

19
Q

receptor mediated endocytosis entry

A

for non enveloped viruses
-lysis vesicle after endocytosed

20
Q

transcription

DNA

A

mRNA productin dep on genome-

dsDNA good bc can use transcription machinery
ssDNA similar just extra step to make ds

21
Q

transcription +ssRNA

A

no enzyme needed to convert to mRNA
-still need RdRp encoded
can directly produce protein

22
Q

transcription retroviruses

A

reverse transcribe into dsDNA

23
Q

viral RdRp

A

for -ssRNA and dsRNA to convert to mRNA
-ssRNA needs to carry RdRp in virion too

24
Q

-ssRNA mneumonic

A

always
bring
polymerase
or
fail
replication

25
Q

assembly process

A
  1. indiv viral proteins form into capsid subunits
  2. subunits combo for complete capsid
  3. viral genome selectively packaged
  4. envelope acquired
  5. exit cell
  6. mature
26
Q

budding

A

way to leave cell
-pushes thru plasma membrane then pinched off

27
Q

point mutation accumulation

A

from poor proofreading capacity of many viral polymerases
-if change produces advantage for virus

28
Q

viral recombination

A

use cell’s machinery to combine

29
Q

viral reassortment

A
30
Q

infection types

A
  1. acute- burst of rep before immune sys clears
  2. chronic- burst of rep but immune reduces instead of clears after
  3. latent- burst, immune sys stops in certain tissues, reactivates in other tissues
31
Q

syncytia formation

A

multinucleated cells from fusing together
-infected + uninfected

32
Q

plaque assay

A

grow monolayer
add sample
look for plaques (1 virus infects and spreds to adj cells, little hole in monolayer)

quantitative for infectious agents

33
Q

antibodies

A

EISA
westerna blot

34
Q

genomes

A

DNA, PCR RNA, RT-PCR

35
Q

viral antigesn

A

ELISA
others

Block 3 Found Sci (60 decks)

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