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AmmoTech > 4. Cart and Propellants > Flashcards

4. Cart and Propellants Flashcards

1
Q

Components of the Breech Loading System? (3)

A

Tubes / primers
Bagged charge
projectile

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2
Q

Components of a Quick Firing System?(3)

A
  • Cart case with primer
  • Propelling charge
  • Projectile
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3
Q

Types of ammunition for QF guns and explain each (3+3)

A

QF fixed - CART and proj packaged together
QF semi-fixed - Proj in CART case but can be removed to adjust charge
QF separate - projectile and cart case are packaged separately

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4
Q

Requirements of a Cartridge case? (4)

A

PEPH

  • PROTECTION of contents
  • Easy loading and extraction
  • Provide efficient OBTURATION
  • house primer
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5
Q

Advantages of Fixed vs Semi-fixed/separate

A 
Fixed
- loaded as one unit
- no weak point
Semi-fixed/Separate
- Stowage easier
- adjustable charge
- can replace a damaged Cart case
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6
Q

Explain Advantages and obturation of QF vs BL

A
  • QF higher rate of fire
  • QF obturation provided by Cart case, BL by gun
  • BL no Cart case
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7
Q

What are the types of bagged charges? (4)

A
  • Equal
  • Unequal
  • Stem & ring
  • Stem and segment
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8
Q

Design considerations of charge bags? (6)

A 
Non-smolder
Non-stretch
Non-wear
Entirely consumed on firing
be vermin and rot proof
permeable to flash from tube
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9
Q

Definition of Consumable vs Combustible

A

Consumble is inert and does’t contribute to the explosive process
Combustible - material that can be burned and contribute to the production of propellant gases

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10
Q

List the charge types (7)

A 
Normal
Super
Blank
De-coppering
Reduced
Fractional
Incremental charge
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11
Q

List the HE filling techniques (4+)

A 
CASTING
Straight pour (the) creamed () liquid and biscuit
PRESSING
EXTRUDING
PRE-FORMING
-mines
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12
Q

List the types of sealant Shell linings (5)

A 
Shellac
Copal varnish
Lacquer
Resin
Bitumen
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13
Q

Disadvantages of hot filling HE? (3)

A

Shrinkage
Dusting
Cracking

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14
Q

List the types of Corrosion (5)

A 
Rust
Aluminium Oxidation
Cupric Azide
Zinc Exudation
MAZAK contamination
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15
Q

List the types of Corrosion (5)

A 
Rust
Aluminium Oxide
Cupric Azide
Zinc Exudation
MAZAK contamination
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16
Q

What is Cupric Azide contamination

A

Copper detonators containing Lead Azide,
moisture liberates Hydrozoic acid
which attacks the copper

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17
Q

List the factors affecting Shell design (6)

A 
S U B S E T
Safe handling
User requirements
Ballistic performance
Strength to withstand firing stressors
Economy in manufacture
Target effect
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18
Q

Forces acting on a Projectile

A 
GASH CDSD
Gas pressure
Acceleration
Setback
Heat
Centrifugal
Driving band pressures
Side slap
Drag
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19
Q

Ormal material and Type of manufacturing methods of a shell? (4)

A

Normally steel
Cast
Forged
Extruded

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20
Q

Define Anodise

A

Anodising is a process used to increase the thickness of the natural oxide layer

  • Use an electric current and a solution
  • Anodising increases corrosion resistance and wear resistance
21
Q

What is copper used for in ammunition? (5)

A 
Cartridge cases
Driving bands
Detonators
SAA jackets
Shaped charge liners
22
Q

Why use Brass for Cart cases? (4)

A

Malleable and Ductile
Performs well in most equipment
Metallurgy techniques are known
Does not corrode

23
Q

Requirements for Tracer composition are: (4)

A

luminosity
Strength
Consistency
Ease of ignition

24
Q

Classifications of tracer

A

tracer projectile
Tracer and igniter
Integral tracer

25
Q

Means for igniting tracer

A

direct ignition

Via the propellant

26
Q

The Cart case must be able to:

A

Protect the propellant
Provide early obturation by expanding ASAP
Recover to a diameter less than chamber

27
Q

Methods to attach projectile to Cart cases (3)

A

Coning - turned into a groove at the mouth
Canneluring - pressing into the (cylindrical) shape
Both

28
Q

Combustible cart cases - advantages

A

everything is loaded into the chamber and pla1ys a part in the ballistics
All is consumed
Weight

29
Q

Methods for sealing tracer (4)

A
  • Brass or celluloid discs or cups
  • nitroglycerine and Carbamite
  • Bakelite discs
30
Q

What are the main types of plastics used in ammunition?

Describe differences

A

Thermo plastic
- can be reheated and reshaped

Thermosetting plastic
- incapable of being softened

31
Q

What are the types of natural fibres used in ammunition?(4)

A

Cellulose
Silk
Wool
Rubber

32
Q

What adhesive is used for non permanent seals?

A

luting

33
Q

What are the Methods to attach Driving Bands?

A

Split Ring

Solid ring

34
Q

Methods to prevent twist of Driving bands?

A

wavy rib

Knurling

35
Q

Why are Driving bands used?

A

centre projectile
Prevent fwd escape of gases
Prevent slip back

36
Q

Components of a Primer (5)

A 
Body
Cap
Anvil
Plug
Magazine
37
Q

types of Primers

A

Percussion
Electric
- Bridge wire
- Conducting Cap

38
Q

Projectile Types

A

Operational
Weapon functioning/inspection
Training

39
Q

Define projectile

A

object capable of being propelled by a force and continuing its motion via KE

40
Q

RCL ammunition design

A

perforated Cart case

Solid Cart case with bow out rear disc

41
Q

Describe the Blow Out Disc system

A 
Propellant charge initiated
Pressure builds, 
disc ruptures, 
Projectile propelled forward
Rear gases out through venturi
42
Q

Disadvantages of the RCL systems

A

Dust signature
Low velocity
Large propelling charge

43
Q

Methods to increasing range

A 
improved weapon performance
Post firing boost
Improved Ballistic coefficients
Sub calibre
Rocket assisted projectiles
Extended range full bore
44
Q

How does the Rocket Assisted Projectile function (5)

A

Rocket cap removed
Propellant gases ignite delay comp of 7 sec
Delay ignites rocket igniter and main rotor propellant
Boost phase 2 secs, sustain 7 secs
Gases released through venturi

45
Q

Types of projectiles (9)

A 
Smoke
Illumination 
Conventional Anti-personnel 
sub projectiles
Flare
Incendiary 
Radar echo
Chemical
Propaganda
46
Q

Methods of operation for carrier shells

A

Bursting
Base ejection
Nose ejection
Base emission

47
Q

What is a carrier projectile?

A

Projectile body that is used as a vehicle for conveying a payload

48
Q

What is a Supplementry charge?

A

a cylindrical container with Comp B

used to fill the cavity below the fuze in deep cavity projectiles

49
Q

Requirements for a Driving band

A

No excessive pressure on the shell or barrel
Cater for change in bore diameter
Remain firmly attached
Not alter ballistic shape of the projectile
Cause no excessive friction
Simple to make and fit

AmmoTech (41 decks)

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