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AmmoTech > 2. Study guide > Flashcards

2. Study guide Flashcards

1
Q

Pyrotechnic groups and types

A 
Incendiary
Illumination 
Smoke
Signal
Delay
Tracer
Priming
Simulators
Pyromechanisms
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2
Q

Definition of a Primary explosive

A

Substance or mixture used to initiate a detonation or burning reaction

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3
Q

Two classes of initiators?

A

detonators

Ignitors

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4
Q

Full chemical name of RDX

A

Cyclotrimethylenetrinitroluene

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5
Q

What metals can be used as additives in HE?

A

Aluminium
Magnesium
Zirconium

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6
Q

What are the contents and ratios for Comp B?

A

RDX 59.5%
TNT 39.5%
Wax 1%

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7
Q

List the purposes of HE additives

A 
Increase sensitivity
Increase blast effects
Improve stability
Improve moldability
Decrease sensitivity
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8
Q

Cap compositions consist of?

A

Primary explosive
Sensitiser
Oxidiser

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9
Q

Tracer - what is dark ignition?

A

The tracer should not be visible for 100m to 200m from the firer to:
Avoid dazzling the fires
Avoid giving away the position of the weapon

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10
Q

What are the design requirements for Illumination?

A

Burn for the correct time

Have the correct luminosity

Withstand firing forces, ie. tracer

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11
Q

What are the ideal properties of Smoke?

A

Immediate in effect

Unaffected by climate / weather ( as far as possible)

Persistent

Non anti-personnel

Non incendiary

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12
Q

Purposes of Smoke

A

Tactical Screening
Signalling

Tactical smoke
- denies enemy observation
- should be produced for relatively long periods
- should remain close to the ground
Defensive
- hide troops
- screen should build up rapidly 
- without harassing our troops, nor fire risk
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13
Q

Definition of propellant

A

An explosive, which by controlled burning, provides the gas pressure required to give motion to a projectile or missile

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14
Q

Advantages of double-based propellant

A

Easily ignited
Higher energy rating than single-base
Higher flame temperature
Higher burning rate

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15
Q

What are the additives for propellant? (8)

A 
Stabilisers
Plasticisers
Coolants
Surface lubricants
Surface moderants
Flash inhibitors
De-coppering agents 
Anti-wear additives
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16
Q

What are the ingredients of gunpowder and the mix ratio

A

7 parts saltpetre
5 parts sulphur
5 parts charcoal

17
Q

What does Ballistite consist of?

A

Nitroglycerine

Collodion (NC)

Camphor (wax)

18
Q

List the types of SOLID Propellants

A

Single based

Double based

Triple based

Composite

19
Q

How did they overcome the detonation issues with Picric Acid?

A

Tetryl was added as a booster

20
Q

What do triple based propellants consist of?

A

A gel of Nitrogylcerine and Nitrocellulose, with

Nitro guanidine (NQ)

21
Q

Types of Pyrotechnic Groups

A

DISIST PSP

Illuminating "compositions"
Smoke
Signal
Delay
Tracer
Incendiary
Priming
Simulators
Pyromechanisms
22
Q

What are the colour producers for illum/signals?

A 
Red - Strontium Nitrate
Green - Barium nitrate
Yellow - Sodium Nitrate
Blue - Copper Carbonate
White - Barium nitrate and potassium nitrate
Orange - Calcium nitrate
23
Q

What are the characteristics of Priming Compositions? (6)

A
  • Are easily ignited by flame or flash
  • Do not burn too quickly or violently
  • Generate a large amount of heat
  • Be compatible with the mixture with which they are to be used
  • Produce some solids of combustion
  • Not to be unduly sensitive to impact or shock
24
Q

Types of ignitors and detonators (7)

A

Flash receptive detonators
Stab igniters & detonators
Percussion igniters
Conducting composition igniters & detonators
Hot Bridge Wire igniters & detonators
Exploding Bridge Wire detonators
Pyrotechnic igniters

25
Q

2 main types of explosive initiators

A

Detonators

Igniters

26
Q

Names for different types of High Explosives

A 
CE
TR 1
TNT
RDX
Picric Acid
COMP B
PE 4
HMX
27
Q

Names for Low Explosives

A

Gunpowder
Propellants
Pyrotechnics

28
Q

Name the Primary Explosives

A 
Lead Azide
Lead Styphnate
Lead Dinitro Rescorcinate
Von Herz
ASA Compound 
    Lead Azide 69%, lead styphnate 29%, aluminium powder 3%
29
Q

2 distinct groups for incendiary material?

A

Metals and alloys

Combustible liquids

30
Q

What is the purpose of a Delay composition?

A

To provide a pyrotechnic delay between 2 igniting or explosive events

31
Q

What are the advantages of a single base propellant?

A

Cooler burning, therefore less erosive
Generates less flash
Ballistics less effected by changes in charge temperature

32
Q

What do Carbamites do for propellant?

A

Stabiliser and plasticiser additive

33
Q

What are the 3 types of propellant burning rates?

A

Depressive
Neutral
Progressive

34
Q

Types of Incendiary EO

A 
Grenades
Cannon projectiles
SAA
Aircraft bombs
Pre-set charges
35
Q

3 type of propellant burning rates

A

Depressive
Neutral
Progressive

AmmoTech (41 decks)

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