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Wheelock's Latin Self-tutorial Exercises > 30a. Latin to English > Flashcards

30a. Latin to English Flashcards

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Latin flashcards
1
Q
  1. As the form of the imperfect subjunctive is the present active infinitive plus personal endings, how can the pluperfect subjunctive active be easily recognized?
A
  1. It is the perfect active infinitive (posuisse, etc.) + personal endings: posuissem, etc.
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2
Q
  1. As the pluperfect indicative passive is the perfect passive participle + eram (i.e. the imperfect indicative of sum), what parallel rule holds for the pluperfect subjunctive passive?
A
  1. It is the perfect passive participle (positus, etc.) plus the imperfect subjunctive of sum: positus
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3
Q
  1. If “positus est” is the perfect indicative passive, what most naturally is “positus sit”?
A
  1. Perfect subjunctive passive.
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4
Q
  1. What forms of the active indicative do the forms of the perfect subjunctive resemble in most instances?
A
  1. the future perfect indicative (identical except in first person singular: laudāverim vs. laudāvero.
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5
Q

5.1 State the tense, voice, person and number of this subjunctive form: ponerētur

A

5.1 imperfect passive, 3rd person singular.

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6
Q

5.2 State the tense, voice, person and number of this subjunctive form: posuissem

A

5.2 pluperfect active, 1st person singular

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7
Q

5.3 State the tense, voice, person and number of this subjunctive form: positi sint

A

5.3 perfect passive, 3rd person plural

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8
Q

5.4 State the tense, voice, person and number of this subjunctive form: ponāmur

A

5.4 present passive, 1st person plural

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9
Q

5.5 State the tense, voice, person and number of this subjunctive form: posuerint

A

5.5 perfect active, 3rd person plural

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10
Q

5.6 State the tense, voice, person and number of this subjunctive form: ponerēmus

A

5.6 imperfect active, 1st person plural

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11
Q

5.7 State the tense, voice, person and number of this subjunctive form: posuissētis

A

5.7 pluperfect active, 2nd person plural

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12
Q

5.8 State the tense, voice, person and number of this subjunctive form: positus esset

A

5.8 pluperfect passive, 3rd person singular

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13
Q

5.9 State the tense, voice, person and number of this subjunctive form: darent

A

5.9 imperfect active, 3rd person plural

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14
Q

5.10 State the tense, voice, person and number of this subjunctive form: datī essēmus

A

5.10 pluperfect passive, 1st person plural

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15
Q

5.11 State the tense, voice, person and number of this subjunctive form: det

A

5.11 present active, 3rd person singular

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16
Q

5.12 State the tense, voice, person and number of this subjunctive form: datus sīs

A

5.12 perfect passive, 2nd person singular

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17
Q

5.13 State the tense, voice, person and number of this subjunctive form: dedissēs

A

5.13 pluperfect active, 2nd person singular

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18
Q

5.14 State the tense, voice, person and number of this subjunctive form: darētur

A

5.14 imperfect passive, 3rd person singular

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19
Q

5.15 State the tense, voice, person and number of this subjunctive form: dederīmus

A

5.15 perfect active, 1st person plural

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20
Q

5.16 State the tense, voice, person and number of this subjunctive form: dedissent

A

5.16 pluperfect active, 3rd person plural

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21
Q

6.1 Name the primary tenses of the indicative.

A

6.1 present and future

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22
Q

6.2 Name the primary tenses of the subjunctive.

A

6.2 present and perfect

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23
Q

6.3 Name the historical (secondary) tenses of the indicative.

A

6.3 the past tenses

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24
Q

6.4 Name the historical (secondary) tenses of the subjunctive.

A

6.4 imperfect and pluperfect

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25
Q

7.1 What time does the present subjunctive indicate relative to that of a primary main verb?

A

7.1 the same time or time after (contemporaneous or subsequent)

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26
Q

7.2 What time does the imperfect subjunctive indicate relative to that of a historical (secondary) main verb?

A

7.2 the same time or time after

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27
Q

7.3 What time does the perfect subjunctive indicate relative to that of a primary main verb?

A

7.3 time before (prior)

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28
Q

7.4 What time does the pluperfect subjunctive indicate relative to that of a historical (secondary) main verb?

A

7.4 time before (prior)

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29
Q
  1. Ubi dux est?
A
  1. Where is the leader?
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30
Q

8b Ubi dux fuit?

A

8b Where was the leader?

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31
Q

9 Rogant ubi dux sit.

A

9 They ask where the leader is.

32
Q

9b. Rogant ubi dux fuerit.

A

9b. They ask where the leader was.

33
Q
  1. Rogābant ubi dux esset.
A
  1. They kept asking where the leader was.
34
Q

10b Rogābant ubi dux fuisset.

A

10b They kept asking where the leader had been.

35
Q
  1. Rogabunt ubi dux sit.
A
  1. They will ask where the leader is.
36
Q

11b. Rogabunt ubi dux fuerit.

A

11b. They will ask where the leader was.

37
Q
  1. Nesciō ubi pecūnia posita sit.
A
  1. I do not know where the money was put.
38
Q
  1. Scīsne ubi pecūnia ponātur?
A
  1. Do you know where the money is being put?
39
Q
  1. Scīvērunt ubi pecūnia ponerētur.
A
  1. They knew where the money was being put.
40
Q
  1. Nescīvit ubi pecūnia posita esset.
A
  1. He did not know where the money had been put.
41
Q

15a. Explain the syntax of nescīvit in: Nescīvit ubi pecūnia posita esset.

A

15a. posita esset is pluperfect subjunctive in an indirect question.

42
Q
  1. Vōbīs dīcēmus cūr mīles hoc fēcerit.
A
  1. We shall tell you (pl.) why the soldier did this.
43
Q

16b. Explain the syntax of fēcerit in: Vōbīs dīcēmus cūr mīles hoc fēcerit.

A

16b fēcerit is perfect subjunctive in an indirect question

44
Q

16c. Vōbīs dīcēmus cūr mīles hoc faciat.

A

16c. We shall tell you (pl.) why the soldier does this.

45
Q
  1. Mihi dixērunt cūr mīles hoc fēcisset.
A
  1. They told me why the soldier had done this.
46
Q

17b. Explain the syntax of fēcisset in: Mihi dixērunt cūr mīles hoc fēcisset.

A

17b. fēcisset is pluperfect subjunctive in an indirect question.

47
Q

17c. Mihi dīxērunt cūr mīles hoc faceret.

A

17c. They told me why the soldier was doing this.

48
Q
  1. Dīc mihi quis vēnerit.
A
  1. Tell me who came.
49
Q

18b. Explain the syntax of vēnerit in: Dīc mihi quis vēnerit.

A

18b. vēnerit is perfect subjunctive in an indirect question.

50
Q

18c. Dīc mihi quis veniat.

A

18c. Tell me who is coming.

51
Q
  1. Ōrātor rogāvit cūr cēterī cīvēs haec cōnsilia nōn cognōvissent.
A
  1. The orator asked why the other citizens had not learned these plans.
52
Q
  1. Ducī nūntiāvimus cēterōs mīlitēs in illam terram fugere.
A
  1. We announced to the leader that the other solders were fleeing into that land.
53
Q

20a. Explain the syntax of fugere in: Ducī nūntiāvimus cēterōs mīlitēs in illam terram fugere.

A

20a. fugere is present infinitive in indirect statement.

54
Q

20c. Ducī nūntiāvimus cēterōs mīlitēs in illam terram fūgisse.

A

20c. We announced to the leader that the other solders had fled into that land.

55
Q
  1. Ducī nūntiāvimus in quam terram cēterī mīlitēs fugerent.
A
  1. We announced to the leader into what land the other soldiers were fleeing.
56
Q

21b. Explain the syntax of fugerent in: Ducī nūntiāvimus in quam terram cēterī mīlitēs fugerent.

A

21b. fugerent is imperfect subjunctive in an indirect question.

57
Q

21c. Ducī nūntiāvimus in quam terram cēterī mīlitēs fūgissent.

A

21c. We announced to the leader into what land the other soldiers had fled.

58
Q
  1. Audīvimus cīvēs tam fidēlēs esse ut rem pūblicam cōnservārent.
A
  1. We heard that the citizens were so faithful that they preserved the state.
59
Q

22b. Explain the syntax of esse and cōnservārent in: Audīvimus cīvēs tam fidēlēs esse ut rem pūblicam cōnservārent.

A

22b. esse is present subjunctive in an indirect statement; cōnservārent is an imperfect subjunctive in a result clause.

60
Q
  1. Audīvimus quid cīvēs fēcissent ut rem pūblicam cōnservārent.
A
  1. We heard what the citizens had done to preserve the state.
61
Q

23b. Explain the syntax of fēcissent and cōnservārent in: Audīvimus quid cīvēs fēcissent ut rem pūblicam cōnservārent.

A

23b. fēcissent is pluperfect subjunctive in an indirect question; cōnservārent is is imperfect subjunctive in a purpose clause.

62
Q
  1. Quaerēbant quōrum in rē pūblicā pāx invenīrī posset.
A
  1. They kept inquiring in whose state peace could be found.
63
Q

24b Explain the syntax of posset in: Quaerēbant quōrum in rē pūblicā pāx invenīrī posset.

A

24b posset is imperfect subjunctive in an indirect question.

64
Q
  1. Cognōvimus pācem in patriā eōrum nōn inventam esse.
A
  1. We learned that peace had not been found in their country.
65
Q

25b. Explain the syntax of inventam esse: Cognōvimus pācem in patriā eōrum nōn inventam esse.

A

25b. inventam esse is perfect subjunctive in an indirect question.

66
Q
  1. Illī stultī semper rogant quid sit melius quam imperium aut pecūnia.
A
  1. Those foolish men always ask what is better than power or monday.
67
Q

26b. Explain the syntax of sit in: Illī stultī semper rogant quid sit melius quam imperium aut pecūnia.

A

26b. sit is present subjunctive in an indirect question.

68
Q
  1. Nōs quidem putāmus pecūniam ipsam nōn esse malam; …
A
  1. We certainly think that money itself is not bad:
69
Q

27b sed crēdimus vēritātem et lībertātem et amīcitiam esse meliōrēs et maiōrēs.

A

27b but we believe that truth and liberty and friendship are better and greater.

70
Q

27c. Explain the syntax of esse in: sed crēdimus vēritātem et lībertātem et amīcitiam esse meliōrēs et maiōrēs.

A

27c. esse is a present infinitive in indirect statement.

71
Q
  1. Haec cupimus ut vītam pulchriōrem agāmus; …
A
  1. These things we desire so that we may live a finer life;
72
Q

28b. Explain the syntax of agāmus in: Haec cupimus ut vītam pulchriōrem agāmus;

A

28b. agāmus is present subjunctive in a purpose clause.

73
Q

28b nam pecūnia sōla et imperium possunt hominēs dūrōs facere, ut fēlicēs nōn sint.

A

28c for money alone and power can make men harsh, so that they are not happy.

74
Q

28c. Explain the syntax of sint in: nam pecūnia sōla et imperium possunt hominēs dūrōs facere, ut fēlicēs nōn sint.

A

28d. sint is present subjunctive in a result clause.

75
Q
  1. Dēnique omnia expōnat ut iam comprehendātis quanta scelera contrā rem pūblicam commissa sunt.
A
  1. Finally, let him explain all things so that you (pl.) may now understand what great crimes have been commited against the republic.
76
Q

29b Explain the syntax of expōnat, comprehendātis and commissa sunt in: Dēnique omnia expōnat ut iam comprehendātis quanta scelera contrā rem pūblicam commissa sunt.

A

29b expōnat is a present jussive subjunctive; comprehendātis is present subjunctive in a purpose clasuse; commissa sint is present subjunctive in an indirect question.

Wheelock's Latin Self-tutorial Exercises (25 decks)

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