2B Cardiovascular Disease Flashcards
What are the causes of coronary heart disease
When arteries that supply the blood to the heart muscle gets blocked by layers of fatty material and are narrow which restricts blood flow
What is cardiovascular disease
Disease of the heart or blood vessels
What is a common example of cardiovascular disease
Coronary heart disease
What does fitting stents do
Keep narrowed arteries open and help reduce the risk of heart attack in patients with coronary disease
What does statins Do and what are they
They are drugs used to reduce the amount of cholesterol in the bloodstream which slows down the rate of fatty deposits forming inside arteries
What can surgeons transplant into a patient with heart failure
Heart or lungs of an organ donor
What is an alternative to Donor heart
A mechanical artificial heart whilst they’re waiting for A donor heart to become available or allowing the heart to rest/Heal
What causes the blood to not circulate as affectively as normal
Heart valves been damaged/weekend causing them to not open properly or to leak
What time fatty heart valves be replaced with
Biological or mechanical valves
What are the pros and cons of stents
Pro
-effective for long time
-recovery time from surgery is relatively quick so lower risk of heart-attack
Cons
-risk of infection during surgery
-Risk of patients developing a blood clot near the stent (thrombosis)
What are the pros and cons of statins
Pro
-by reducing some bad cholesterol implied can reduce the risk of strokes or heart-attack
-increase beneficial cholesterol May prevent other diseases
Cons
-long-term drugs need to be taken regularly
-just got forgetting to take them
-negative side effects e.g. headaches or memory loss
What are the pros and cons of artificial heart
Pros
-less likely to be rejected by the bodies immune system than a donor heart
Cons
-surgery can lead to bleeding and infection
-isn’t working well and could wearout or motor could fail
