[24] CHAPTER X LESSON 2 Flashcards by Arriane Cyrel (MTI)

Q

Symptomatic anemia with large-volume deficit

A

Whole blood

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Q

Increases oxygen-carrying capacity

A

Whole blood

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Q

Increases blood volume

A

Whole blood

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Q

Infectious diseases

A

Whole blood

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Q

Hemolytic, septic/ toxic, allergic, febrile reactions

A

Whole blood

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Q

Iron overload, TACO, TRALI, TA-GVHD

A

Whole blood

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Q

Must be ABO identical

A

Whole blood

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Q

Symptomatic anemia; red blood cell exchange transfusion

A

Red blood cells: RBCs (adenine-saline added), RBC pheresis

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Q

Increases oxygen- carrying capacity

A

Red blood cells: RBCs (adenine-saline added), RBC pheresis

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Q

Same as whole blood category, above

A

Red blood cells: RBCs (adenine-saline added), RBC pheresis

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Q

IgA deficiency with anaphylactoid/ anaphylactic reaction

A

Red blood cells: RBCs (adenine-saline added), RBC pheresis

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Q

Severe allergic reactions, rare donors, symptomatic anemia; red blood cell exchange transfusion

A

Red blood cells: deglycerolized, washed

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Q

Deglycerolization removes plasma proteins.

A

Red blood cells: deglycerolized, washed

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Q

Risk of allergic and febrile reactions reduced; increases oxygen-carrying capacity

A

Red blood cells: deglycerolized, washed

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Q

Same as RBCs above

A

Red blood cells: deglycerolized, washed

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Q

Hemolysis due to incomplete deglycerolization can occur.

A

Red blood cells: deglycerolized, washed

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Q

Symptomatic anemia

A

Red blood cells: leukocyte-reduced

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Q

Febrile reactions due to leukocyte antibodies

A

Red blood cells: leukocyte-reduced

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Q

Reduction of CMV

A

Red blood cells: leukocyte-reduced

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Q

Leukocyte reduction is achieved by filtration:
(1) soon after collection (pre-storage) or
(2) after varying periods of storage in the laboratory

A

Red blood cells: leukocyte-reduced

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Q

Same as RBCs transmission and HLA alloimmunization

A

Red blood cells: leukocyte-reduced

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Q

Hypotensive reaction may occur if bedside leukocyte- reduction filter is used.

A

Red blood cells: leukocyte-reduced

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Q

RBCs leukocyte-reduced must have a residual content of leukocytes <5 × 106 WBC and ≥85% of the original red blood cell content.

A

Red blood cells: leukocyte-reduced

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Q

Bleeding due to thrombocytopenia or platelet function abnormality including antiplatelet drugs

A

Platelets/apheresis platelets

Platelets leukocytes reduced/apheresis platelets leukocytes reduced

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Prevention of bleeding from marrow hypoplasia

Platelets/apheresis platelets Platelets leukocytes reduced/apheresis platelets leukocytes reduced

Improves hemostasis

Platelets/apheresis platelets Platelets leukocytes reduced/apheresis platelets leukocytes reduced

Apheresis platelets may be HLA (or other antigen) selected.

Platelets/apheresis platelets Platelets leukocytes reduced/apheresis platelets leukocytes reduced

Septic/toxic, allergic, febrile reactions

Platelets/apheresis platelets Platelets leukocytes reduced/apheresis platelets leukocytes reduced

Infectious diseases

Platelets/apheresis platelets Platelets leukocytes reduced/apheresis platelets leukocytes reduced Apheresis granulocytes Plasma (liquid) Cryoprecipitate pooled/ cryoprecipitated AHF Fresh-frozen plasma (FFP)

TACO, TRALI, TA-GVHD

Platelets/apheresis platelets Platelets leukocytes reduced/apheresis platelets leukocytes reduced

One unit of platelets derived from a whole blood collection usually contains ≥5.5 × 1010 platelets suspended in 40 to 70 mL of plasma.

Platelets/apheresis platelets

One unit of apheresis platelets usually contains ≥ 3 × 1011 platelets/ unit and is the therapeutic equivalent of 4 to 6 units of platelets.

Platelets/apheresis platelets

Prevention of febrile reactions, HLA alloimmunization and CMV infection

Platelets leukocytes reduced/apheresis platelets leukocytes reduced

May be prepared using an open or closed system.

Platelets leukocytes reduced/apheresis platelets leukocytes reduced

One unit of platelets leukocyte-reduced should contain >5.5 × 1010 platelets and <8.3 × 105 leukocytes.

Platelets leukocytes reduced/apheresis platelets leukocytes reduced

Components prepared using an open system will expire 4 hours after preparation.

Platelets leukocytes reduced/apheresis platelets leukocytes reduced

Neutropenia with infection unresponsive to appropriate antibiotics

Apheresis granulocytes

Increases the level of granulocytes to phagocytize and kill bacterial and fungal infections

Apheresis granulocytes

Hemolytic, allergic, febrile reactions

Apheresis granulocytes

Must be ABO compatible

Red blood cells: RBCs (adenine-saline added), RBC pheresis Red blood cells: deglycerolized, washed Apheresis granulocytes Plasma (liquid) Fresh-frozen plasma (FFP) PF24 (Plasma frozen within 24 hours after phlebotomy) PF24RT24 (Plasma frozen within 24 hours after phlebotomy held at room temperature Thawed plasma Thawed plasma, cryoprecipitate reduced

Contain numerous leukocytes and platelets as well as 20 to 50 mL of RBCs; the number of granulocytes in each concentrate is usually >1 × 1010 granulocytes/unit.

Apheresis granulocytes

Initial treatment of patients

Plasma (liquid)

Coagulation support for lifethreatening trauma, hemorrhages

Plasma (liquid)

Undergoing massive transfusion

Plasma (liquid)

Allergic and febrile reactions, TACO, TRALI

Plasma (liquid) Fresh-frozen plasma (FFP) PF24 (Plasma frozen within 24 hours after phlebotomy) PF24RT24 (Plasma frozen within 24 hours after phlebotomy held at room temperature up to 24 hours after phlebotomy) Thawed plasma Thawed plasma, cryoprecipitate reduced

Hypofibrinogenemia

Cryoprecipitate pooled/ cryoprecipitated AHF

Factor XIII deficiency (Second line therapy for von Willebrand’s disease, hemophilia A, and uremic bleeding)

Cryoprecipitate pooled/ cryoprecipitated AHF

Provides fibrinogen (factor I), factors VIII, XIII, and vWF

Cryoprecipitate pooled/ cryoprecipitated AHF

Allergic and febrile reactions

Cryoprecipitate pooled/ cryoprecipitated AHF

Must contain >150 mg of fibrinogen in each unit of cryoprecipitate

Cryoprecipitate pooled/ cryoprecipitated AHF

Cryoprecipitated AHF should contain >80 IU of factor VIII in each unit.

Cryoprecipitate pooled/ cryoprecipitated AHF

Clinically significant plasma protein deficiencies when no specific coagulation factor concentrates are available

Fresh-frozen plasma (FFP) PF24 (Plasma frozen within 24 hours after phlebotomy)

TTP

Fresh-frozen plasma (FFP) PF24RT24 (Plasma frozen within 24 hours after phlebotomy held at room temperature up to 24 hours after phlebotomy) Thawed plasma Thawed plasma, cryoprecipitate reduced

Source of all coagulation proteins and plasma proteins

Fresh-frozen plasma (FFP)

Source of nonlabile plasma proteins

PF24 (Plasma frozen within 24 hours after phlebotomy)

Levels of factor VIII are significantly reduced and levels of factor V and other labile plasma proteins are variable compared with FFP.

PF24 (Plasma frozen within 24 hours after phlebotomy)

Clinically significant deficiency of stable coagulation factors when no specific coagulation factor concentrates are available

PF24RT24 (Plasma frozen within 24 hours after phlebotomy held at room temperature up to 24 hours after phlebotomy) Thawed plasma

Source of nonlabile plasma proteins

PF24RT24 (Plasma frozen within 24 hours after phlebotomy held at room temperature up to 24 hours after phlebotomy)

Levels of factor V, factor VIII, and protein S are significantly reduced, and levels of other labile plasma proteins are variable compared with FFP

PF24RT24 (Plasma frozen within 24 hours after phlebotomy held at room temperature up to 24 hours after phlebotomy)

Source of plasma proteins and contains stable coagulation factors (factor II, fibrinogen), similar clinically to the levels found in FFP; other factors are variable, being reduced in levels that change over time.

Thawed plasma

Plasma protein replacement for plasma exchange in TTP; this product contains variable levels of albumin, ADAMTS13, and factors II, V, VII, IX, X, and XI.

Thawed plasma, cryoprecipitate reduced

TACO =

transfusion-associated circulatory overload

TRALI =

transfusion-related acute lung injury

TA-GVHD =

transfusion-associated graft-vs-host disease

CMV =

cytomegalovirus

TTP =

thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura

AHF = antihemophilic factor

ITP =

immune thrombocytopenic purpura

vWF =

von Willebrand factor

HLA =

Human Leukocyte Antigen

IUT =

intrauterine transfusion