[16] CHAPTER VII LESSON 2

Question 1

Avoiding liability for [?] and other possible harm from practicing transfusion medicine, whether in hospitals or blood centers, depends on having well-established policies and procedures that are consistent with quality principles; that comply with recognized authorities, regulations, and statutes; and that have some measurement of how persons engaged in all activities actually follow those procedures.

Answer 1

TTAIDS

Question 2

Complying with accreditation requirements (e.g.,[?]) for quality systems will assist in limiting risk.

Answer 2

AABB, TJC, CAP, and state laws

Question 3

To avoid being negligent, one must behave reasonably. Reasonable behavior for transfusion medicine practice includes continually obtaining and applying [?] from all possible sources that will safeguard the donor during collection, the component during [?], and the patient before and during [?].

Answer 3

new knowledge

handling and delivery

transfusion

Question 4

1. Specific Donor Issues

Answer 4

a. Screening
b. Donations Requested by Patients
c. Untimely Notification
d. Component Collection

Question 5

2. Processing, labelling and Distribution

Answer 5

a. Lack of Standard Protocol for Implementing Testing
b. Failure to perform Surrogate Testing
c. Failure to Properly Perform Testing
d. Informed Consent

Question 6

Biomedical ethical principles that must be balanced when considering appropriateness of and informed consent for transfusion include

Answer 6

autonomy, beneficence, and justice.

Question 7

• The right of each person to make decisions based on that person’s values and beliefs, having adequate information and an understanding of the choices available to him or her and lacking any compulsion by external forces.

Answer 7

a. Autonomy

Question 8

• In the health-care setting, professionals seek the well-being of each patient.

Answer 8

b. Beneficence

Question 9

• Patients should be treated fairly, with equal, need-based access to beneficial treatment.

Answer 9

c. Justice

Question 10

is the basis for most lawsuits.

Answer 10

Tort liability

Question 11

Federal regulations that apply specifically to blood banking are found in

Answer 11

Title 21, Code of Federal Regulations.

Question 12

Claims of the[?] is used in transfusion medicine when a donor or a patient claims that he or she never agreed to have the needle placed into his or her arm.

Question 13

The[?] protects the patient (or donor) by requiring that information be provided in a manner understandable to the patient under circumstances that permit the patient to ask questions and to receive answers to any questions or concerns.

Answer 13

doctrine of informed consent

Question 14

The elements of negligence include:
• Duty was [?] to the injured party.
• The duty was [?] by the injuring party.
• Because the duty was not met, the injured party was [?].
• Failure to meet the duty owed was directly responsible for or could have been predicted to cause the harm suffered by the injured party.
• Some measurable (compensable) harm occurred (damages).

Answer 14

owed

not met

harmed

Question 15

Under the [?], the actions of employees are attributable to the employer or person who directs their actions; for example, in transfusion medicine, this would be a physician.

Answer 15

doctrine of respondeat superior

Question 16

The concept of [?] implies that a warranty exists for virtually any product a consumer buys, and if the product fails to perform or creates harm when none was expected, the consumer has a right to a replacement or, if denied a replacement, to sue for negligent manufacturing or distribution.

Answer 16

product liability

Question 17

Blood centers may be liable for [?] law suits if confidentiality is breached via public disclosure of embarrassing facts (e.g., HIV-positive results) or for violation of federal law (the HIPAA).

Answer 17

invasion of privacy

Question 18

Traditionally, hospitals and other nonprofit organizations are protected under the [?] from excess liability because they perform charitable acts.

Answer 18

doctrine of charitable immunity

Question 19

Biomedical ethical principles that must be balanced when considering appropriateness of and informed consent for transfusion include

Answer 19

autonomy, beneficence, and justice.