2.2 Kahoot - Archaea & Bacteria Flashcards
Prokaryotes lack…
a nucleus
Prokaryotes replicate by
Binary fission
Prokaryotes have all of the following
- Ribosomes
- Cell Membrane
- DNA
Prokaryotes belong to which kingdoms?
Bacteria and Archaea
T/F: All prokaryotes are single celled.
True
Staphlococci are….
Round bacteria that grow in clusters
Streptobacilli are….
Rod-shaped bacteria that grow in chains
What type of organism performs the process of methanogenesis?
Archaea
Methanogenesis occurs in environments lacking which substance?
oxygen
Methanogenesis produces this gas as a by-product.
methane
What type of prokaryote performs the process of photosynthesis?
Bacteria
Cyanobacteria are built similarly to this Eukaryotic cell organelle.
chloroplast
Photosynthesis produces this gas as a by-product.
oxygen
What is Chemosynthesis?
Using chemicals, like hydrogen sulfide, to make food
What type of prokaryote performs the process of chemosynthesis?
Archaea and Bacteria
To what domain do extremophiles belong?
Archaea
Extremophiles are organisms with adaptations for living in extreme conditions of…
Pressure
Salt
Temperature
A thermophile likes….
extreme heat
Which of the following extremophiles are found in the Dead Sea? *note: the Dead Sea has very salty water
halophiles
A Mesophile is a type of…
bacteria that require temperatures between 20 - 40°C (summer weather)
If you put a mesophile 5° Celsius water, it would:
die
What is binary fission?
form of asexual reproduction in single celled organisms
What type of cell performs binary fission?
Archaea and Bacteria
What is the end product of Binary Fission?
two cells with identical genes
How many minutes can it take for a prokaryotic cell to grow and divide in favourable conditions?
20 minutes
Which phase of the growth curve are bacteria dying and dividing at the same rate?
stationary
What is conjugation in bacteria?
A temporary union of two organisms for DNA transfer
In conjugation
the pilus attaches the host and recipient together
What is a plasmid?
a small circular DNA molecule
The function of plasmids is….
extra pieces of DNA that might have antibiotic resistance genes
In transformation,
bacteria pick up DNA from the environment
Why do some bacteria form endospores?
help them endure harsh condition
characteristic of bacterial endospores?
- long lived
- highly resistant to heat
What is the purpose of a gram stain?
To identify the type of bacteria in a sample
T/F: gram positive bacteria have a thick peptidoglycan wall
True
The outer layer of a Gram negative bacteria cell wall is made mostly of…
lipids
What are antibiotics?
compounds that harm bacteria
Not all bacteria are killed by antibiotics
True
What is antibiotic resistance?
When bacteria mutate and are no longer harmed by antibiotics
