1.1 Chapter Questions - Identify, Naming, and Classifying Species

Question 1

3 types of species concept

Answer 1

1. morphological
2. biological
3. phylogenetic

Question 2

Morphological description

Answer 2

Morphological species concept focuses on morphology of an organism. A focal point of this concept are the comparisons made of the measurements and descriptions of similar organisms. Species evolve over time and so possess variation.

Question 3

morphological advantage

Answer 3

• Simplicity
• Widely used, generally for plants

Question 4

morphological disadvantage

Answer 4

• Difficulty differentiating when there is too much difference between variations
• About all individuals of a population are not identical

Question 5

biological description

Answer 5

This concept assesses based on the characteristics and abilities of organisms to interbreed in nature and successfully reproduce

Question 6

biological advantage

Answer 6

Widely used by scientists

Question 7

biological disadvantage

Answer 7

Does not apply to all cases

Question 8

phylogenetic description

Answer 8

This species concept centres upon the evolutionary relationships of organisms. Classified and distinct as its own cluster, separate from others. Shows commonality of relationships among organisms.

Question 9

phylogenetic advantage

Answer 9

• Applicable to extinct species
• Considers previous information found by DNA analysis about the organisms
• DNA analysis has built credibility due to an increasing amount of scientists utilizing the method.

Question 10

phylogenetic disadvantage

Answer 10

Not all species have known evolutionary histories

Question 11

Carolus Linnaeus

Answer 11

• introduced the binomial nomenclature naming system
• Swedish
• naturalist

Question 12

taxonomy

Answer 12

Taxonomy is a branch in biology that identifies, names and classifies species on the basis of their natural features. Also known as the science of systematics

Question 13

binomial nomenclature

Answer 13

Binomial nomenclature is a method of naming a species, names consist of a two-word latin name. The names in this system can be broken down into the genus and the name identifies the particular species. Binomial nomenclature entails rules such as capitalizing only the genus or some that differ based on if you are writing or typing.

Question 14

Differentiate between rank and taxon

Answer 14

A rank are the taxonomic categories. Meanwhile, taxons are the organisms that fall into those ranks.

Question 15

What is the order of the eight taxons from the most general to the most specific

Answer 15

Domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species

Question 16

The little brown bat (Myotis lucifugus) is common throughout northwestern Ontario. The northern long-eared bat (Myotis septentrionalis) is also found in many regions of Canada. Explain the taxonomic relationship between these two mammals.

Answer 16

The two organisms have their genus in common, both are myotis.