2.1 Chapter Questions - Viruses, Viroids, and Prions Flashcards
Describe how scientists classify viruses.
Scientists classify them into order, families, genera, and species. We classify them based on their physical features and genetic material.
What is found in the core of a virus?
The core contains genetic information, which can be RNA or DNA. It is possible to contain one or two proteins.
difference between a naked virus and an enveloped virus
- Naked viruses possess only capsid and nucleic acid.
- Enveloped viruses possess an extra layer and they are created when a virus leaves the host cell. A part of the leaving host cell’s membrane wraps around the viruses. These viruses invade animal cells.
Attachment Stage of The Lytic Cycle
Influenza virus attaches to their targeted epithelial cell
Penetration Stage of The Lytic Cycle
The virus submerges itself into the cell by endocytosis
Uncoating Stage of The Lytic Cycle
Viral contents are released
Biosynthesis Stage of The Lytic Cycle
Those viral contents get released in to the extracellular fluid. Then continuing to create new virus.
Assembly Stage of The Lytic Cycle
New phage particles are made
Release Stage of The Lytic Cycle
Viral RNA enters the nucleus, and it is replicated by viral RNA polymerase.
Differentiate between the lytic cycle and lysogenic cycle
-Lytic cycle is an infectious cycle that ends in the destruction of the host cell.
- Lysogenic cycle is a dormant cycle. The viral DNA becomes a provirus. The host cell typically survives.
What advantage do you think viruses might have over cells?
- Efficient replication within host cells.
- Rapid evolution and adaptability to evade immune responses and develop resistance.
- Small size enables easy movement and spread.
- Reliance on host cellular machinery and resources for replication.
- Ability to infect a broad range of hosts and occupy diverse ecological niches.
