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Biology SBI3U1 > 11.1/11.3 Kahoot - Respiratory System & Disorders > Flashcards

11.1/11.3 Kahoot - Respiratory System & Disorders Flashcards

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1
Q

External respiration

A

Exchange of O2 and CO2 in lungs and blood

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2
Q

How is gas exchange performed?

A

diffusion

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3
Q

Water-dwelling organisms can have one of two types of respiratory surfaces. Which ones?

A

Skin or gills

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4
Q

What is internal respiration?

A

Exchange of gasses between tissues and blood

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5
Q

What is cellular respiration?

A

The process of converting nutrients into usable energy

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6
Q

Where does cellular respiration occur?

A

mitochondria

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7
Q

Respiratory surfaces must be

A
  • large
  • moist
  • thin
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8
Q

What is the structure of the tracheal system in insects?

A

Extensive system of tubes that branch throughout the body

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9
Q

what animal can use its cloaca for breathing?

A

turtles

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10
Q

What is the function of nasal passages?

A
  • heat the air
  • clean the air
  • moisten the air
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11
Q

The throat is called the

A

Pharynx

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12
Q

The tube leading to the lungs:

A

trachea

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13
Q

The tube leading to the lungs:

A

trachea

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14
Q

If you removed the laynx, a person would be unable to …

A

speak

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15
Q

How many lung lobes does the left lung have?

A

2

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16
Q

How many lung lobes does the right lung have?

A

3

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16
Q

How many lung lobes does the right lung have?

A

3

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17
Q

Why does the left lung only have 2 lobes?

A

Because it has to give space to the heart

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18
Q

What is the function of pleural membranes ?

A

reduce friction when breathing

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19
Q

Approximately how many alveoli are in your lungs ?

A

500 Million

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20
Q

First tube to branch off of the trachea

A

bronchus/bronchi

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21
Q

Smaller branches off of bronchi

A

bronchioles

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22
Q

What controls respration rate?

A

nervous system

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23
Q

What two muscles control your breathing?

A

Diaphragm & intercostal muscles

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24
Q

During inhalation the diaphragm ___ and the expiratory muscles such as the external intercostals muscles ____

A

Contracts; contract

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25
Q

On exhalation the diaphragm

A

Relaxes

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26
Q

When the diaphragm contracts, we inhale because ……..

A

pressure in thorax decreases

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27
Q

For adults, the average respiration rate is:

A

12-20 breaths per minute

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28
Q

What happens to respiration rate if the temperature increases?

A

Increases

29
Q

Increased Respiration rate is an indication of dehydration

A

True

30
Q

When calm, respiration rate will….

A

decrease

31
Q

what is spirometer?

A

A device used to measure a patient’s lung capacity

32
Q

on a spirograph, tidal volume refers to the amount of air during

A

normal breathing

33
Q

What is ‘Vital Capacity’?

A

The maximum amount of air that can be forced out of the lung

34
Q

What is ‘Vital Capacity’?

A

The maximum amount of air that can be forced out of the lung

35
Q

What is the residual volume?

A

Volume of air left in the lungs after a maximum expiration

36
Q

expiratory reserve volume (ERV) =

A

Extra air forcibly inspired after a normal breath

37
Q

The respiratory system is divided into?

A

Upper and lower respiratory tracts

38
Q

Upper respiratory tract is composed of….

A

Nose/nasal cavity, mouth, pharynx, and larynx

39
Q

Lower respiratory tract is composed of….

A

Trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, and lungs

40
Q

Laryngitis is caused by:

A

swollen vocal cords

41
Q

Signs & symptoms of Laryngitis include

A
  • voice loss
  • sore throat
42
Q

tonsilitis is

A

inflammation of the tonisils

43
Q

What is the cause of tonsilitis?

A

Bacterial or a viral infection of the tonsils

44
Q

Tonsilitis effects

A

more frequent in children than adults

45
Q

Strep Throat is caused by what type of pathogen?

A

Bacteria

46
Q

The bacteria that can cause strep throat is referred to as:

A

streptococci

47
Q

Untreated strep throat can lead to:

A

rheumatic fever & heart valve damage

48
Q

Pneumonia is…

A

when alveolar sacs fill up with fluid

49
Q

Pneumonia is caused by:

A

viral or bacterial infections

50
Q

Pneumonia is diagnosed using all except:

A

urine sample

51
Q

How is “walking pneumonia” different than “pneumonia”?

A

mild pneumonia and the patient is ambulatory

52
Q

What is bronchitis?

A

inflammation of the bronchi

53
Q

Acute bronchitis lasts…

A

less than 6 weeks

54
Q

Acute Bronchitis can turn into chronic bronchitis

A

True

55
Q

Define chronic bronchitis

A

years-long inflammation of bronchi

56
Q

What is Asthma?

A

airways become inflamed, narrow and produce mucus

57
Q

Asthma triggers can include

A
  • cold air
  • irritants (pollution, perfumes)
  • exercise
  • allergens (dust, mites, pollen, cockroaches)
58
Q

A typical asthma medication would be?

A

Bronchodilator

59
Q

Why are inhaled steroids used to treat asthma?

A

They decrease inflammation

60
Q

Asthma attacks can be life threatening

A

True

61
Q

The leading/most common cause of emphysema is ____________.

A

smoking

62
Q

Emphysema causes:

A

loss of elastic recoil in lungs

63
Q

The main problem in emphysema.

A

loss of surface area in the alveoli

64
Q

What effect does smoking have on cilia

A

Cilia is not effected by smoking
There is minimal mucous build up
Cilia become paralyzed in a smoker

65
Q

smoking causes you to inhale toxins including carbon monoxide, cyanide, and carcinogens.

A

true

66
Q

What is a carcinogen?

A

A cancer causing agent

67
Q

Cystic Fibrosis is described as a disease that …..

A

causes thick, sticky mucous build-up in the lungs

68
Q

cystic Fibrosis…

A

Is a genetic disorder

69
Q

Cystic Fibrosis is a(n) __________________ genetic disorder.

A

autosomal recessive

70
Q

In cystic fibrosis, CFTR can’t transport ____ ions, preventing ____ from leaving the cell and producing viscous mucus.

A

chloride, water

Biology SBI3U1 (39 decks)

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