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Biology SBI3U1 > 10.2/10.3 Kahoot - Digestive System & Disorders > Flashcards

10.2/10.3 Kahoot - Digestive System & Disorders Flashcards

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1
Q

digestion

A

The breakdown of food by mechanical and chemical means

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2
Q

Definition of absorption

A

The transport of nutrients into the circulatory system

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3
Q

Which of the following gives the definition of egestion?

A

the process of removing waste products from the body

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4
Q

What is a filter feeder?

A

Animals that strain food from the water

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5
Q

What is a substrate feeder?

A

Live in/on their own food source

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6
Q

What animal is a fluid feeder?

A

Hummingbird

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7
Q

What animal is a filter feeder?

A

clam

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8
Q

What is a bulk feeder?

A

animals who eats relatively large pieces of food

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9
Q

What is another name for digestive tract?

A

alimentary canal

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10
Q

Mechanical digestion is _____.

A

grinding food into smaller pieces

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11
Q

Chemical digestion is _____.

A

breaking nutrients into monomers by enzymes

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12
Q

Which macromolecule do microbes in the herbivore digestive tract help digest?

A

Carbohydrates

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13
Q

Which animal has a longer digestive tract - herbivore or carnivore?

A

Herbivores, because plants take longer to digest.

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14
Q

What is corprophagia?

A

The eating of faeces

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15
Q

What is a Ruminant?

A

An animal with more than one stomach

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16
Q

What is the function of uvula?

A

Preventing the bolus from entering the nasal cavity

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17
Q

What is the function of Saliva?

A

Moistens food and begins chemical digestion

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18
Q

What is a bolus?

A

A ball of food to be swallowed

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19
Q

What is the function of incisors?

A

biting

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20
Q

What is the function of canines/bicuspids?

A

tearing

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21
Q

What is the function of molars?

A

grinding

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22
Q

What are the 3 salivary glands called?

A

sublingual, parotid, and submandibular

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23
Q

What enzyme does saliva contain

A

amylase

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24
Q

the muscular movements of the esophagus is called?

A

peristalsis

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25
Q

What is the sphincter between the stomach an the esophagus called?

A

cardiac sphincter

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26
Q

Function of epiglottis:

A

Protect trachea from food entering

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27
Q

What is the mixture of food and digestive juice called?

A

Chyme

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28
Q

what kind(s) of digestion occurs in the stomach?

A

both

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29
Q

The function of mucus in stomach is

A

protection of inner walls of stomach

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30
Q

Cheif cells secrete

A

Pepsin

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31
Q

Parietal cells secrete

A

hydrochloric acid

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32
Q

valve controlling food movement from the stomach into the small intestine

A

pyloric sphincter

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33
Q

First part of small intestine

A

duodenum

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34
Q

General function of small intestine:

A

digestion and absorption

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35
Q

Which of the following accessory organs produces bile

A

liver

36
Q

What chemicals is released by the pancreas?

A
  • lipase
  • bicarbonate
  • tryspin
37
Q

The function of bicarbonate in the pancreatic secretions is:

A

Neutralize the gastric chyme

38
Q

Last part of small intestine

A

ileum

39
Q

Fingerlike projections that increase surface area of small intestine

A

Villi

40
Q

What is bile?

A

An emulsifier that breaks globs of fat in to smaller pieces.

41
Q

Chemical digestion of proteins occur in which 2 locations?

A

stomach and small intestines

42
Q

Chemical digestion of carbohydrates occur in which 2 locations?

A

mouth and small intestines

43
Q

Where does chemical digestion of lipids occur?

A

small intestines

44
Q

All carbohydrates must be in the form of _____ for cells to use as an energy source.

A

Glucose

45
Q

Which below is a function of Large Intestine?

A

Absorb water

46
Q

Normal flora means:

A

The nonpathogenic microorganisms that live in our body

47
Q

The parts of the large intestine (in order)

A

cecum, ascending, transverse, descending, sigmoid, rectum

48
Q

Ileocecal valve:

A

Separates small intestines from large intestines

49
Q

A possible function of the appendix may be to:

A

immune system

50
Q

What is one benefit of normal flora in the large intestine?

A

they produce vitamin B & K

51
Q

Number of sphincters located in the anus?

A

2

52
Q

Which of the two sphincters in the anus is voluntary?

A

External sphincter

53
Q

Main Function of Rectum?

A

short tube at the end of the large intestine that stores wastes temporarily

54
Q

Where do peptic ulcers mainly occur?

A

Stomach

55
Q

What bacteria is associated with stomach Ulcers?

A

H. pylori

56
Q

What are some risk factors of Peptic Ulcers?

A
  • Alcohol
  • smoking
  • coffee
57
Q

IBD stands for:

A

Inflammatory Bowel disease

58
Q

What are the two forms of IBD?

A

Crohn’s Disease and Ulcerative Colitis

59
Q

What part of the GI tract does Ulcerative colitis affects?

A

mostly the rectum and sigmoid colon

60
Q

What is a cause of Ulcerative Colitis?

A

an autoimmune response

61
Q

What part of the GI tract does Crohn’s Disease affect?

A

Any segment of the GI tract

62
Q

What is Hepatitis?

A

Inflammation of the liver caused by viral infection

63
Q

How many types of hepatitis are there?

A

5

64
Q

How is Hepatitis A transmitted?

A

Fecal Oral Transmission

65
Q

What forms of hepatitis do we have a vaccine for?

A

A & B

66
Q

What is a risk of untreated Hepatitis C infection?

A

Increased chance of liver cancer

67
Q

What are symptoms of hepatitis>

A
  • fatigue
  • jaundice
  • dark urine
68
Q

Liver cirrhosis is…

A

Irreversible scar tissue accumulation in the liver

69
Q

Gall stones are made of

A

cholesterol

70
Q

The surgical removal of the gallbladder is called

A

Cholecystectomy

71
Q

Poorly functioning/missing gallbladder can cause:

A

incomplete lipid digestion and absorption

72
Q

Appendicitis is…

A

inflammation of appendix

73
Q

Where is the appendix found?

A

right lower abdominal cavity

74
Q

Diabetes is…

A

A disease that affects a body’s ability to make glucose

75
Q

___ is the hormone the pancreas releases to allow entry of glucose into our cells.

A

insulin

76
Q

The 3 types of diabetes are:

A

Type 1, Type 2 & Gestational diabetes

77
Q

Gestational diabetes occurs

A

In pregnant women

78
Q

Type 1 diabetes patients

A

are incapable of making insulin

79
Q

Type 1 diabetes:

A

occurs most often in children and young adults

80
Q

Type 2 diabetes:

A

usually develops in adulthood

81
Q

Which type of Diabetes requires insulin injections?

A

Type 1

82
Q

What is the most common type of diabetes?

A

Type 2 Diabetes

83
Q

How is type 2 diabetes treated?

A

lifestyle changes

83
Q

What animal was the insulin first extracted from for treatment of diabetes in humans?

A

Pig

84
Q

How is insulin manufactured today?

A

Genetic engineering of bacteria

85
Q

accessory organ to the digestive tract

A

pancreas, liver, gall bladder

Biology SBI3U1 (39 decks)

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