12.1/12.2 Kahoot - Function of Circulation and Monitoring Heart Health Flashcards
function of the circulatory system?
- protects against infection
- regulate body temperature
- transports oxygen & nutrients to body cells
3 components of circulatory system
- heart
- blood
- blood vessels
open circulatory system:
do not have vessels to contain their blood
What types of animals have Open Circulatory Systems?
insects
Hemolymph refers to?
insect blood
How many chambers of human’s heart?
4
lower chambers of human heart
ventricles
What structure divides the heart into left and right sides?
septum
pumps blood to left ventricle
Lt. atrium
this chamber pumps blood to the lungs
right ventricle
The main blood vessel returning to the heart from the body tissues is?
vena cava
The main blood vessel bringing blood to the lungs is?
pulmonary artery
characteristics of arteries
- high blood pressure
- Thick and muscular wall
- no valves
Below are the characteristics of veins
- low blood pressure
- Thin wall
- valves
- transport blood to the heart
Capillaries are tiny blood vessels designed to allow:
exchange of substances with tissues
Pulmonary circulation involves…
blood flow between the heart and lungs
Systemic circulation involves…
blood flow throughout the body
The Coronary Arteries function to:
supply blood to the heart muscle
What percentage of blood is Plasma
55%
Where are blood cells made?
In your bones
Function of your blood’s plasma?
carries blood components around the body
Another name for red blood cells:
erythrocytes
Hemoglobin requires this element to carry oxygen
Iron
characteristics of red blood cells,
- biconcave shape
- no nucleus
- carries carbon dioxide
lifespan of red blood cells
120 days
White blood cells are also called…
Leukocytes
What percentage of blood is white blood cells?
1%
Phagocytosis is when
white blood cells eat and digest pathogens
characteristic of white blood cells
- larger than red blood cells
- part of immune system
- contain a nucleus
Another name for platelets
Thrombocytes
The cell that makes platelets
Megakaryocyte
What is the function of platelets?
to help to clot the blood
What is Vasodilation?
When Blood Vessels Open Up
What happens when your body is too hot?
Your blood vessels at surface enlarge to cool you
What 2 things happen when your body is too cold?
- vasoconstriction decreases blood flow to extremities
- Body hairs rise, trapping a layer of air close to the skin
What is counter-current heat exchange?
conductive heat transfer through blood flowing in opposite directions
The SA node is also referred to as the:
The pacemaker
Where is the SA node located?
Upper right atrium
The function of the SA node is to:
Determines heart rate
The function of the atrioventricular node ( AV node) is to:
delays electrical signal coming from atria into ventricles
The function of the Purkinje fibers is to:
conduct electrical signals throughout the ventricles
What makes the ‘lub-dub’ sound of the heart?
Closure of both the atrioventricular and semilunar valves
What causes a heart murmur?
Improper closing of a heart valve
What does ECG stand for
electrocardiogram
What does an ECG measure?
electrical activity of the heart
Abnormal ST wave could indicate:
heart attack
How do you calculate your resting heart rate?
Count the beats for 15seconds and multiply by 4.
What is “normal” resting heart rate for adults?
60 to 100 beats a minute
What is bradycardia?
slow heart beat
What is tachycardia?
rapid heart beat
What is arrhythmia?
irregular heart beat
What is diastolic pressure?
Pressure on the blood vessel wall when the heart is relaxing
The systolic blood pressure (top number) represents:
ventricular contraction
What blood pressure below would be considered “normal” for most adults?
120/80
complications of high blood pressure?
- Stroke
- Kidney disease
- Vision loss
What is a cause of high blood pressure that is not modifiable?
family history
modifiable causes of high blood pressure
- diet
- stress
- physical activity level
