22

Question 1

extensive

Answer 1

adj: covering a large area; having a great range: گسترده
extensive grounds a school with extensive grounds
extensive repairs extensive repairs to the motorway
Her knowledge of music is extensive (= she knows a lot about music).
adv: extensively
The side effects of the new drug are being extensively researched.

Question 2

facet

/ˈfæs.ət/

Answer 2

noun: وجه، جنبه، منظر
She has so many facets to her personality.
There’s always one facet of my golf game that isn’t working.

Question 3

idol

Answer 3

noun: someone who is admired and respected very much:
a pop/sporting idol
The Hollywood film idols of the 1940s were glamorous figures, adored by millions.

Question 4

oblivious

Answer 4

adj: not conscious of something, especially what is happening around you: بی اعتنایی
Absorbed in her work, she was totally oblivious of her surroundings.
The mayor seems oblivious to the likely effects of the new legislation.
She was often oblivious to the potential consequences of her actions.
adv: obliviously:
Distracted drivers chatting obliviously on a phone risk everyone’s lives.
He wandered out of the bar and obliviously walked the streets.
noun: obliviousness
My uncle sat there with a look of blissful obliviousness.
His first wife left him because of his obliviousness to her.

Question 5

surpass

Answer 5

verb: to do or be better than:
His time for the 100 metres surpassed the previous world record by one hundredth of a second.
The book’s success has surpassed everyone’s expectations.
The director has really surpassed himself (= done better than he has done before) with this new film.
Our team’s achievements surpass those of teams in earlier years.
adj: surpassing: extremely great:
a face of surpassing beauty
adv: surpassingly: extremely:
The scenery around Frog Lake is surpassingly beautiful.
It is surpassingly difficult to think of a reason why we should forgive him.

Question 6

uphold

Answer 6

verb: to defend or keep a principle or law, or to say that a decision that has already been made, especially a legal one, is correct:
As a police officer you are expected to uphold the law whether you agree with it or not.
Judge Davis upheld the county court’s decision.
noun: upholder
Our country’s reputation as an upholder of standards of freedom and decency is being questioned.

Question 7

avert

Answer 7

verb: to prevent something bad from happening; avoid: دفع کردن
He argued that the way to avert an economic crisis is for individuals to follow their usual spending habits.
The last-minute agreement averted renewed fighting.
to turn away your eyes or thoughts: منحرف کردن
The shy man was standing before me, his eyes averted.

Question 8

feign

Answer 8

verb: to pretend to have a particular feeling, problem, etc. :
You know how everyone feigns surprise when you tell them how old you are.
The prosecution claimed that the defendant had feigned the injury.
He feigned sickness so he wouldn’t have to go to school.

Question 9

indiscriminate

Answer 9

adj: not showing careful choice or planning, especially so that harm results: بی حساب کتاب، بی بند و بار
an indiscriminate terrorist attack on civilians
The indiscriminate use of fertilizers can cause long-term problems.
Adv: indiscriminately
Words like “organic” and “natural” are used so indiscriminately that they are often meaningless.
noun: indiscrimination: the failure to see or make a difference between two things or people, or the failure to make the correct choice between them:
The indiscrimination of bombing civilians, hospitals, and schools is considered a war crime.
She would sell her paintings with complete indiscrimination to anyone who was prepared to pay her.
The landlord was criticized for his indiscrimination in allowing young people into the bar.
verb: discriminate:
be discriminated against She felt she had been discriminated against because of her age.
discriminate in favour of In order to increase the number of female representatives, the selection committee decided to discriminate in favour of women for three years.
to be able to see the difference between two things or people:
discriminate between Police dogs can discriminate between the different smells.
adj: discriminating: able to know and act on the difference between good and bad:
They’re discriminating shoppers.
a discriminating palate (= the ability recognize good quality in food, drink, etc.)
a discriminating music lover
adv: discriminatingly: in a way that shows an ability to know and act on the difference between good and bad, or to choose what is suitable:
This diagnosis is now used much more discriminatingly.
The company aims to develop the necessary skills to use commercial data mining packages discriminatingly.
Encouragement and reward are essential for learning, but only when used intelligently and discriminatingly.
noun: discrimination
She will be remembered as an unrelenting opponent of racial discrimination.
The law has done little to prevent racial discrimination and inequality.
adj: discriminative: able to see, hear, or recognize small differences between things:
The fine sensory discriminative ability of the fingers enables the blind to read braille.
adj: discriminatory
Business leaders must take a stand against discriminatory practices.
He argued that the justice system was racially discriminatory.
adv: discriminatorily
She alleges that she was discriminatorily denied a promotion.

Question 10

trait

Answer 10

noun:
Patience is one of his best traits.
Arrogance is a very unattractive personality/character trait.

Question 11

underscore

Answer 11

verb: to emphasize the importance of something:
The need for fire detectors in cargo bays was underscored by some accidents in the 1980s.
These issues underscore the importance of studying epidemiological samples.

Question 12

encompass

Answer 12

verb: to include several different things:
The plan encompasses repaving the street and planting 40 new trees.
It encompasses the whole learning process, including learning styles and strategies.

Question 13

expansion

Answer 13

expansion of the rapid expansion of the software industry
an expansion of industry
expansion into Expansion into new areas of research is possible.

Question 14

infancy

Answer 14

noun: the time when someone is a baby or a very young child:
in infancy Her youngest child died in infancy.
the early stage of growth or development of something:
Bird research on the island is still in its infancy.

Question 15

proficient

Answer 15

adj: skilled and experienced:
a proficient swimmer
She’s proficient in two languages.
It takes a couple of years of regular driving before you become proficient at it.
adv: proficiently
There are about 195,000 workers who don’t speak English proficiently.
noun: proficiency
The job ad said they wanted proficiency in at least two languages.

Question 16

retrieve

Answer 16

verb: to find and bring back something:
We taught our dog to retrieve a ball.
retrieve information Computers are used to store and retrieve information efficiently.
noun: retrieval
the storage and retrieval of information
The box can be opened mechanically to allow retrieval of medications.
adj: retrievable
Even deleted computer files are retrievable for those who know how and where to look.
Records should be maintained in an easily manageable and retrievable format.
The fund has about $200 billion in easily retrievable assets.

Question 17

zenith

Answer 17

noun: the highest point reached by a heavenly body (= any object existing in space, especially a planet, or the sun) as it travels around, or appears to travel around, another body:
The summer sun was at its zenith in a cloudless sky.
The sun is well past its zenith when we cross paths with a mini-flotilla.
the point in the sky directly above you:
The centre of the map is the zenith (straight overhead).
A pall of cloud muffled the whole expanse of sky from zenith to horizon.
the best or most successful point or time:
In the 1860s, Tolstoy was at the zenith of his achievement.
His career reached its zenith in the 1960s.

Question 18

unwarranted

/ʌnˈwɔːr.ən.t̬ɪd/

Answer 18

adj: lacking a good reason; unnecessary:
They denounced the investigation as an unwarranted interference with their business.
adj: warranted: having been given official authority to do something, or done with official permission:
They proposed recruiting an extra 50 fully warranted officers to patrol railway stations.
A warranted search of the property found dogfighting training equipment, and more than 60 dogs.
adj: warrantable: If an action is warrantable, there is a good reason for it. :
He had no warrantable grounds for using coercive measures to force the workers to do this.
adj: unwarrantable
I want to show that this conclusion is unwarrantable, unfair, and calculated to mislead.

Question 19

abysmal

Answer 19

adj: very bad:
abysmal working conditions
The food was abysmal.
The standard of the students’ work is abysmal.
adv: abysmally
The critics were abysmally wrong on almost every point.

Question 20

agitate

Answer 20

verb: to make someone feel worried or angry:
I didn’t want to agitate her by telling her.
to shake a liquid:
Pour the powder into the solution and agitate it until the powder has dissolved.
to argue forcefully, especially in public, in order to achieve a particular type of change:
The unions continue to agitate for higher pay.
As a young man, he had agitated against the Vietnam war.
adj: agitated: worried or angry:
She became very agitated when her son failed to return home.
noun: agitation: worry and anxiety:
He arrived home in a state of agitation.
noun: agitator: someone who tries to make people take part in protests and political activities, especially ones that cause trouble:
It is thought that the strike was the work of undercover political agitators.