21 Flashcards
glamour
noun: the special exciting and attractive quality of a person, place, or activity:
Who can resist the glamour of Hollywood?
The downhill race was one of the glamour events of the Winter Olympics.
noun: glamorousness
adj: glamorous
adv: glamorously
inflame
verb: مشتعل کردن، عصبانی کردن، ملتهب کردن
Reducing the number of staff is certain to inflame the already angry medical profession.
Pictures of the bombed and burning city inflamed passions further.
Asthma is a chronic condition that inflames the inside walls of the airways.
to excite someone’s strong feelings or make them stronger:
The defense objected to the graphic pictures, claiming they were meant merely to inflame the jury.
adj: inflamed:
an inflamed eye/toe
You should call the doctor if the area around the wound becomes inflamed.
adj: iflammable:
likely to become violent or angry very quickly and in an uncontrolled way:
an inflammable situation/region
inflammable mix a highly inflammable mix of outrage and bitterness
An inflammable substance or material burns very easily:
a highly inflammable liquid such as petro
noun: inflammation
Aspirin reduces pain and inflammation.
adj: inflamatory: intended or likely to cause anger or hate:
The men were using inflammatory language/making inflammatory remarks about the other team’s supporters.
likely to excite strong feelings, esp. of anger:
He thought his opponent’s remarks were unfair and inflammatory.
cyberspace
فضای مجازی
It is not surprising that more of cyberspace is being devoted to helping consumers buy green.
You can find the answer to almost any question in cyberspace.
faint
adj: not strong or clear; slight:
a faint sound/noise/smell
She gave me a faint smile of recognition.
not have the faintest idea: “Is she going to stay?” “I haven’t the faintest idea.”
to feel weak, as if you are about to become unconscious:
She felt faint with hunger.
verb:
She took one look at the hypodermic needle and fainted (dead) away (= became unconscious immediately).
He faints at the sight of blood.
noun:
fall into a dead faint On receiving the news, she fell into a dead faint.
resolution
noun: an official decision that is made after a group or organization has voted:
The committee approved/adopted a resolution against sending more troops to the region.
The United Nations passed (= voted to support) a resolution to increase aid to developing nations.
a promise to yourself to do or to not do something:
[ + to infinitive ] I made a resolution to give up chocolate.
determination:
He showed great resolution in facing the robbers.
They replaced the low resolution image with a higher resolution one.
the act of solving or ending a problem or difficulty:
a successful resolution to the crisis
the act of separating or being separated into clearly different parts:
the resolution of oil into bitumen and tar
adj: resolute: مصمم
Their resolute opposition to new working methods was difficult to overcome.
She’s utterly resolute in her refusal to apologize.
adv: resolutely:
She resolutely refuses to lower her standards.
accustom
to make someone familiar with new conditions:
It takes awhile to accustom yourself to working at night.
adj: accustomed
She’s accustomed to waking at 6 a.m.
arouse
verb: to cause someone to have a particular feeling:
It’s a subject that has aroused a lot of interest.
Our suspicions were first aroused when we heard a muffled scream.
He works hard to arouse his students’ curiosity.
adj: aroused: sexually excited:
An aroused person will experience a blood pressure increase.
noun: arousal
The intensity of a dream is a measure of emotional arousal.
Physiological changes take place during sexual arousal.
articulate
adj: able to express thoughts and feelings easily and clearly, or showing this quality:
an intelligent and highly articulate young woman
She gave a witty, entertaining, and articulate speech.
verb: to express in words:
I found myself unable to articulate my feelings.
Many people are opposed to the new law, but have had no opportunity to articulate their opposition.
buzz
verb: to make a continuous, low sound such as the one a bee makes:
I can hear an insect buzzing.
to press a buzzer in order to get someone’s attention:
I buzzed him but there was no answer.
The first person to buzz may answer.
to allow someone to enter a place by pressing a button that opens a door and makes a buzzing sound:
buzz someone in Press the intercom and I’ll buzz you in.
We were buzzed into the lobby.
(of a place) to be full of people or activity:
The airport is buzzing as Christmas nears.
buzz with At this time on a Saturday, the restaurant is buzzing with customers.
to move around quickly or with a lot of energy:
Reporters were buzzing around, trying to get the full story.
to talk in an excited way about something:
Everyone was buzzing about how cool this place was.
(of a person or their mind) to be thinking about many different things at the same time:
I had so many questions - my head was buzzing.
noun: a feeling of excitement, energy, and pleasure that something gives you:
get a buzz out of I get a buzz out of public speaking.
give sb a buzz: to phone someone:
I’ll give you a buzz next week.
clash
verb: to fight or argue:
clash with Students clashed with police after demonstrations at five universities.
clash over The government and the opposition parties have clashed over the cuts in defence spending.
If two opinions, statements, or qualities clash, they are very different from each other:
Sometimes our interests clash, but generally we have worked well together.
If colours or styles clash, they look ugly or wrong together:
I like red and orange together, though lots of people think they clash.
If two events clash, they happen at the same time in a way that is not convenient:
clash with Her party clashes with my brother’s wedding, so I won’t be able to go.
to make a loud noise like metal hitting metal, or to cause something to make this noise:
The saucepans clashed as he piled them into the sink.
noun:
In the new timetable, there’s a clash between history and physics.
There were violent clashes between the police and demonstrators in the city centre.
a clash of opinions/loyalties/personalities
compliance
verb: to act according to an order, set of rules, or request:
He’s been ordered to have the dog destroyed because it’s dangerous, but he refuses to comply.
There are serious penalties for failure to comply with the regulations.
noun: compliance:
It is the job of the inspectors to enforce compliance with the regulations.
The company said that it had always acted in compliance with environmental laws.
adj: compliant:
a compliant child
The company expects to be reclassified as soon as its factories are fully compliant with the Federal Clean Air Act.
adv: compliantly:
We must make sure that all our members of staff are working compliantly.
The people lined up compliantly in the courtyard.
congregate
verb: to come together in a large group of people or animals:
A crowd congregated around the entrance to the theatre.
noun: congregation: a group of people gathered together for religious worship:
a congregation of 300 members
The priest asked the congregation to kneel.
adj: congregational:
congregationalsinging
The visit’s purpose may be to participate in congregational worship.
custody
noun: سرپرستی بچه
custody of Who has custody of the children?
get custody The mother got custody of the child.
award/grant custody to The court awarded custody to the father.
be given custody The divorce was granted in May and she was given custody of their four children.
gain custody He lived with his parents while he fought to gain custody of his two children.
lose custody She lost custody of her daughters when she was sent to prison.
share custody They split up two years ago, but still share custody of their dog.
joint custody The parents were given joint custody.
sole custody Parents seeking sole custody would have to prove shared parenting would harm the child.
the state of being kept in prison, especially while waiting to go to court for trial:
in custody The suspect is now in custody.
take someone into custody Police raided the house and took a man into custody.
be kept in custody He was kept in custody because the judge considered him a possible flight risk.
disperse
verb: to spread across or move away over a large area, or to make something do this:
When the rain came down the crowds started to disperse.
Police dispersed the crowd that had gathered.
adj: dispersed: spread across a large area:
Internet technology allows us to work from anywhere and collaborate with geographically dispersed team members.
It will be much harder to distribute food and clean water to dispersed communities.
adv: dispersedly:
There were a lot of people standing dispersedly in little groups.
noun: dispersion: تجزیه ی نور یا ماده
noun: dispersal: the action of spreading across or moving away over a large area, or of making people or things do this:
dispersal of We have seen the violent dispersal of crowds of protesters.
The seeds are adapted to dispersal by ants.
adj: dispersive: involving or causing dispersion (= the spreading of something across a large area):
There was an international agreement to ban the dispersive use of ozone-depleting chemicals.
a dispersive effect
adv: dispersively:
What would you expect to see if the DNA had replicated dispersively?
Pesticides are often emitted dispersively, for example when spraying them into the air.
graze
verb: to break the surface of the skin by rubbing against something rough:
graze your knee He fell down and grazed his knee.
He was lucky, the bullet just grazed his leg.
If an object grazes something, it touches its surface lightly when it passes it:
The aircraft’s landing gear grazed the treetops as it landed.
to (cause animals to) eat grass:
The cows were grazing.
The farmer grazes cattle on this land in the summer months.
to eat small amounts of food many times during the day instead of sitting down to eat meals at particular times:
No dinner for me, thanks - I’ve been grazing all day.
noun:
Her legs were covered with cuts and grazes.
