11 Flashcards
cough
The smoke made me cough.
I coughed all night long.
to make a sound like a cough:
The car engine coughed a few times, but wouldn’t start.
prominent
adj: 1. very well known and important:
a prominent member of the Saudi royal family
The government should be playing a more prominent role in promoting human rights.
2. sticking out from a surface:
She has a prominent chin/nose.
3. Something that is in a prominent position can easily be seen or noticed:
New books are displayed in a prominent position on tables at the front of the store.
noun: prominence:
Most of the papers give prominence to (= put in a noticeable position) the same story this morning.
It’s the first time that a lawyer of such prominence (= fame and importance) has been given the freedom to air his views on TV.
Tina Fey came to/rose to/gained prominence as a writer and comedian on “Saturday Night Live”.
adv: prominently:
1. Both players feature prominently in the England team.
Economic problems have figured prominently in the election
2. I left the book lying around with a bookmark protruding prominently from the last chapter.
3. A photograph of her daughter was prominently displayed on her desk.
The newspaper featured the apology prominently on page 1.
itinerary
/aɪˈtɪn.ə.rer.i/
noun: itinerate: a person who travels from one place to another, usually to work for a short period:
Itinerants worked in the salt marshes and shrimp farms.
He lived as an itinerant, earning or begging his bread as he went.
adj: itinerant: travelling from one place to another, usually to work for a short period:
For a time, my sister was an itinerant church singer.
Many fruitpickers were itinerant, following the seasons from farm to farm.
This is an indication of how itinerant the US workforce has become.
adv: itinerantly:
For a time she was living itinerantly.
Drunkenness was commonly regarded as characteristic of an itinerantly musical lifestyle.
noun: itinerary: a detailed plan or route of a journey:
The tour operator will arrange transport and plan your itinerary.
in advance
before a particular time, or before doing a particular thing:
If you’re going to come, please let me know in advance.
Did you check in advance whether the venue was wheelchair-accessible?
Most holiday companies request a 20 percent deposit in advance.
nomadic
adj: moving from one place to another rather than living in one place all of the time:
The dogs were used by the nomadic tribe to pull sleds and herd reindeer.
The work can be exhausting and demands a nomadic existence in hotels and airports.
Dating is an obvious problem with this nomadic lifestyle.
aberrant
adj: different from what is typical or usual, especially in an unacceptable way:
aberrant behaviour/sexuality
Also, aberrant values can result from a bad choice of variate.
adv: abberantly:
A large number of proteins have been found in excess or to be aberrantly expressed in muscle cells in these patients.
The company has experienced an aberrantly strong first quarter.
The college has produced an aberrantly high number of senior judges.
noun: aberration: a temporary change from the typical or usual way of behaving:
mental aberration I’m sorry I’m late - I had a mental aberration and forgot we had a meeting today.
In a moment of aberration, she agreed to go with him.
The misconduct was an aberration from the norm for him.
cling
adj: to stick onto or hold something or someone tightly, or to refuse to stop holding it, him, or her:
We got so wet that our clothes clung to us.
They clung together in terror as the screams grew louder.
One little girl was clinging onto a cuddly toy.
She clung to the handrail as she walked down the slippery steps.
adj: clinging:
Up to the time she started school, her daughter was very clinging.
A very clinging and demanding elderly parent presents a problem.
She looked stunning in a clinging black dress.
Mr Darcy dived into a lake and emerged in a wet, clinging shirt.
clingy: Jimmy is a very clingy child.
accumulate
verb: to collect a large number of things over a long period of time:
A thick layer of dust had accumulated in the room.
If you don’t go through the papers on your desk on a regular basis, they just keep on accumulating.
As people accumulate more wealth, they tend to spend a greater proportion of their incomes.
We’ve accumulated a lot of junk over the years.
accomplished
adj: skilled:
She’s a very accomplished pianist/painter/horsewoman.
He was accomplished in all the arts.
adj: accomplishable: possible to achieve:
It is important to set yourself accomplishable goals.
Obviously, the surgeon can only commit to do what is technically accomplishable.
noun: accomplishment:
Cordon bleu cookery is just one of her many accomplishments.
alliance
The three smaller parties have forged/formed an alliance against the government.
Some of us feel that the union is in alliance with management against us.
Switzerland does not belong to any military alliance.
Alliance against our common enemy is our only hope for survival.
adj: allied: similar or related in some way:
Computer science and allied subjects are not taught here.
It takes a lot of enthusiasm, allied with/to a love of children, to make a good teacher.
bend
verb: bend: to (cause to) curve:
The road bends to the left after the traffic lights.
to move your body or part of your body so that it is not straight:
I bent down and picked up the coins lying on the road.
Now, bend forward/over and touch your toes!
Make sure you bend your knees when you’re picking up heavy objects.
on bended knee: in a position in which the knee of one leg is touching the floor:
He went down on bended knee to ask her to marry him.
noun: bend: a curved part of something:
There’s a bend in the pipe so you can’t see from one end to the other.
The car came around the bend on the wrong side of the road.
adj: bent: curved and not straight or flat:
The metal bars were bent and twisted.
bent on: to be very determined to do something:
He was bent on quitting his job even though he was making a lot of money.
oppose
veb: to disagree with something or someone, often by speaking or fighting against it, him, or her:
The proposed new testing system has been vigorously opposed by teachers.
Most of the local residents opposed the closing of the school.
I would certainly oppose changing the system.
adj: opposing:
The opposing sides failed to reach agreement today.
adj: opposed: completely different:
His view of the situation is diametrically (= very strongly) opposed to mine.
Mom’s strongly opposed to my learning to drive.
I’d prefer to go in May, as opposed to (= rather than) September.
constrain
verb: to control and limit something:
The country’s progress was constrained by a leader who refused to look forward.
Rising energy costs are constraining consumer and business spending.
constrained to do something: forced to do something against your will:
Don’t feel constrained to do what he says - he has no authority.
permit
verb: 1. to allow something:
The prison authorities permit visiting only once a month.
The security system will not permit you to enter without the correct password.
As it was such a special occasion, she permitted herself a small glass of champagne.
formal The law permits of no other interpretation.
2. to make something possible:
The Chancellor is looking to lower interest rates, when economic conditions permit.
We have arranged to play tennis on Saturday, weather permitting (= if the weather is good enough).
noun: an official document that allows you to do something or go somewhere:
a work/travel/parking permit
She has managed to obtain a temporary residence permit.
Do you need a permit to park here?
noun: permission:
You will need permission from your parents to go on the trip.
The EU has already granted its permission for the deal to go through.
They did the work without permission and without an official budget.
Don’t give permission to websites to install programs or files on your PC.
ask for/seek/request permission: Today’s court case is to seek permission to convene meetings with shareholders.
get/obtain/receive permission You must obtain permission from the Inland Revenue before going abroad.
grant/deny/refuse permission The authorities have refused permission for the demonstration to take place.
adj: permissible: allowed:
Is it permissible to park my car here?
grooming
verb: 1. ارایش، تمیز کردن حیوانات
She pays great attention to make-up, grooming and clothes.
In general, women spend much longer on personal grooming than men.
There will be demonstrations of horseshoeing and horse grooming.
(of an animal) the act of using its tongue or paws (= feet) to clean itself or another animal:
The constant grooming cats do is likely to make them swallow a lot of hair.
One of the things that binds groups of monkeys together is grooming.
Two male lions groom each other to rid themselves of burrs.
2. to prepare someone for a special job or activity:
She was being groomed for leadership.
My boss is grooming me to take over his job next year.
noun: groom:
The bride and groom walked down the aisle together.
