2016 FB2 Flashcards
a healthy working environment decreases absences by
a) 5%
b) 10%
c) 25%
d) 50%
c) 25%
Which cell wall structure helps clostridium tetani survive long term in soil?
a. Capsule
b. Fimbriae
c. Flagella
d. Spore
d. Spore
What does the pertussis vaccine consist of?
a. Lipopolysaccharide
b. Fibrous haemagglutinin
c. Tracheal toxin
d. Adenylate cyclase
b. Fibrous haemagglutinin
What causes the spread of Streptococcus pyogenes in cellulitis?
a. Streptolysin S
b. Hyaluronidase
c. Streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin
d. DNase
b. Hyaluronidase
What a loss Neisseria meningitidis to adhere to the nasopharyngeal?
a. Fimbriae
b. Flagellum
c. Type IV pilus
c. Type IV pilus
Which enzyme is produced by both Helicobacter pylori and Proteus mirabilis?
a. Catalase
b. Urease
c. Oxidase
d. Protease
b. Urease
A child with sickle cell anaemia was suffering from osteomyelitis. What is the causative agent of his condition?
a. Salmonella typhimurium
b. Salmonella typhi
c. Staph aureus
d. Streptococcus pyrogens
a. Salmonella typhimurium
sickle cell patients are more prone to nontyphoid infections
A diabetic patient was presented by UTI. The culture showed gram-positive and esculin positive cocci. Which bacteria is the patient infected with?
a. Enterococcus fecalis
b. Escherichia coli
c. Staphylococcus saprophyticus
a. Enterococcus fecalis
What is the most common cause of epiglottitis in children? a. Haemophilus influenzae type b
b. Streptococcus pneumoniae
c. Adenovirus
a. Haemophilus influenzae type b
Which of the following produce black pigment on agar?
a. Prevotella brevis
b. Porphyromonas gingivalis
c. Clostridium difficile
d. Porphyromonas endodontalis
b. Porphyromonas gingivalis
Which herpes virus has the largest genome?
a. CMV
b. VZV
c. EBV
d. HSV
a. CMV
Which of the following is a nonseptate hyphae?
a. Basidiomycota
b. Aspergillus
c. Chitincomycota
d. Zygomycota
d. Zygomycota
Which of the following spores reproduce sexually?
a. Conidia
b. Basidiospore
c. Blastomyce
d. Chlamydospore
e. Sporangiospore
b. Basidiospore
What is the causative agent of keratin specula?
a. BK virus
b. JC virus
c. Trichodysplasia spinulosa virus
d. Polyomavirus WU
c. Trichodysplasia spinulosa virus
Which virus cause hemorrhagic fever?
a. West Nile virus
b. Ross river virus
c. Japanese b virus
d. Marburg virus
d. Marburg virus
What is the pathophysiology of giardia lamblia?
a. Invasion of duodenal epithelial cells
b. Attachment to the duodenal epithelial cells
c. Secretion of endotoxins
b. Attachment to the duodenal epithelial cells
Which malarial species developed drug resistance against many antibiotics?
a. Falciparum
b. Ovals
c. Vivax
d. Malariae
a. Falciparum
a healthy working environment decreases absences by
a) 5%
b) 10%
c) 25%
d) 50%
c) 25%
What is primitive in health promotion in developing health?
a) development of primary and secondary center
b) training professional
c) tackle of socioeconomic status
c) tackle of socioeconomic status
What was the purpose of the Vienna convention treaty (VCT)?
to protect the ozone layer
The entire thickness of the squamous epithelium was changed to anaplastic cells. What is this called?
a) carcinoma in situ
b) dysplasia
a) carcinoma in situ
What favors thrombogenesis?
a) liver cirrhosis
b) vitamin K deficiency
c) immobilization
c) immobilization
Shock is characterized by decreased tissue perfusion.
In which condition is shock attributed to generalized peripheral vasodilation?
a) severe dehydration
b) severe prolonged diarrhea
c) gram negative septicemia
d) severe myocardial infraction
c) gram negative septicemia
what is the gross examination of a 75-year-old male most likely to show?
a) decrease in the size of the ventricular system
b) increase in the brain volume
c) uniform atrophy of the cerebral white matter
d) uniform atrophy of the cerebral gray matter
c) uniform atrophy of the cerebral white matter
What is mostly responsible for heterogeneity in cancer cells?
a) constituve growth factors
b) genetic instability
c) clonal proliferation
d) resistance to death
b) genetic instability
What is the main source for TNF, IL1 and IL6 in acute inflammation?
a) Macrophage
b) Mast cell
c) Endothelial cell
d) Lymphocyte
What is the main source for TNF, IL1 and IL6 in acute inflammation?
a) Macrophage b)Mast cell
c) Endothelial cell d)Lymphocyte
What occurs in chronic alcoholism?
a) Liver necrosis
b) Liver atrophy
c) Fatty liver
c) Fatty liver
prediction of a 5-year survival plan of colon cancer is 60% What best describes this estimate?
a) Prognosis
b) Complication
c) Etiology
d) Manifestation
a) Prognosis
total cholesterol = 6 HDL = 0.8 TG= 2.2 Calculate LDL a) 3.9 b) 4.2
b) 4.2
LDL= total cholestrol - (HDL+TG/2.2)
What is lowered in hemolytic anemia?
a) Haptoglobin
b) Transferrin
c) Complement
d) Pre-albumin
a) Haptoglobin
Granulation tissue formation occurs due to fracture healing. What is the name of this phase?
a) remodeling
b) maturation
c) proliferative
d) phase of inflammation
c) proliferative
What method is used to conduct a relationship between psychological trait?
a) Correlational
b) Observational
c) Causal
a) Correlational
What is an important cause of congenital cataracts?
maternal infections with Rubella in the first trimester
What can be inferred about the first trimester of pregnancy for fatal vision development?
a) critical period
b) hierarchical stage
c) maturational stage
d) sensitive time
a) critical period
In school, children are learning parts of plants and the life cycle of a butterfly. According to Piaget theory of cognitive development, in which stage are these children?
a) Concrete operational
b) Formal operational
c) Sensorimotor
d) Preoperational
a) Concrete operational
A boy plays football and is encouraged by his family to become a professional player. What best describes this?
a) generativity vs. stagnation
b) intimacy vs. isolation
c) industry vs. inferiority
d) autonomy vs. shame
c) industry vs. inferiority
What describes our ability to detect a change in stimulus intensity?
a) the amount of change necessary to detect a difference is the same across all senses
b) the amount of change necessary to detect a difference is the same across all stimuli intensities
c) to detect a change it is necessary for the difference to be larger in weak stimulus than in strong stimulus
d) to detect a change it is necessary for the difference to be larger in strong stimulus than in weak stimulus
d) to detect a change it is necessary for the difference to be larger in strong stimulus than in weak stimulus
Describe REM sleep?
a. Active brain, paralyzed muscles
b. As brain activity decreases, muscle tone increases
a. Active brain, paralyzed muscles
If you took a final exam on an algebra class twice, your scores would be very similar but the exam is not assessing what you have learned in psychology class. What’s true about this exam?
a) Reliable and valid
b) Not reliable and not valid
c) Reliable but not valid
d) Valid but not reliable
c) Reliable but not valid
Sarah was recently diagnosed with breast cancer, with the help of her family and friends, Sarah believes that she will fight and get through it. In what stage of Lazurd stress theory Sarah is through? A- post appraisal B- primary C- secondary D- tertiary
C- secondary
Which part of memory information recovered from storage?
a) encoding
b) retrieval
c) preview
d) recovery
b) retrieval
Identical twins were studied for the factors of weight gain, what were the conclusions?
a) eating is the main variable for weight gain
b) genetics are more important than the amount of food consumed
b) genetics are more important than the amount of food consumed
What does social learning theory emphasize?
Cognitive processes
Sami likes to ride his motorbike at high speeds thinking that nothing bad will ever occur. Which part of adolescent egocentrism is represented in this situation?
a) Imaginary audience
b) Personal fable
c) Invincibility fable
c) Invincibility fable
what does A in ABC refer to?
a. active listening
b. activating event
c. assumptions
d. accommodationist
b. activating event
The placebo effect is independent of…
a) chemical composition
b) Psychological effects
c) Physical effects
a) chemical composition
binocular disparity is greatest for:
a) near objects
b) far objects
c) seeing an object with one eye
a) near objects
Which of the following is true about the action of a drug with its receptor?
a) 50% response occurs when 50% of the receptors are occupied due to the presence of spare receptors
b) Efficacy is the same as affinity when there are no spare
receptors
c) A drug with high potency requires to occupy all of the receptors in order to produce its full effect
d) Physiological antagonists are agonists that produce opposite effects on the same tissue
b) Efficacy is the same as affinity when there are no spare
receptors
In what way does muscle paralysis produced by rocuronium differ from that produced by suxamethonium?
a) muscle paralysis produced by suxamethonium can occur in phase 1 or phase 2 of the drug action
b) in rocuronium the muscle is stimulated then it becomes paralyzed
c) suxamethonium has a rapid onset of action
d) Rocuronium, but not suxamethonium, can be reversed by anticholinesterase
d) Rocuronium, but not suxamethonium, can be reversed by anticholinesterase
What best describes drug interactions in an altered metabolism?
a) inhibition of cytochrome 450 enzyme by grapefruit juice b) formation of toxic metabolites
a) inhibition of cytochrome 450 enzyme by grapefruit juice
What property is shared by catecholamines?
a) give it orally
b) don’t pass the blood brain barrier
c) metabolized by adenlyl cyclase
d) have long duration of action
b) don’t pass the blood brain barrier
What treats Benign prostatic hyperplasia?
Alpha-adrenergic blockers
Pilocarpine is contraindicated in:
a) Peptic ulcer
b) Diabetes
c) Glaucoma
d) Alzheimer
a) Peptic ulcer
what is characteristic of a drug that binds to its receptors without activating them?
a) Is an antagonist at those receptors
b) Is likely to bind covalently to those receptors
c) will not be useful clinically
d) unlikely to produce adverse effects
b) Is likely to bind covalently to those receptors
Drugs A & B produce the same response. The amount of drug A that is needed to produce this response is more than that needed to produce it by drug B. Which of the following is true?
a) Drug A is more potent than B
b) Drug B is more potent than A
b) Drug B is more potent than A
What is an ideal characteristic of an antibiotic that is used to treat urinary tract infections?
a) Short half-life
b) Completely metabolized by the kidney
c) Cross the blood-brain barrier
d) Excreted by the kidneys in its active form
d) Excreted by the kidneys in its active form
How do cytotoxic drugs prevent cancer formation?
Interact with DNA
The clearance (CL) and volume of distribution (Vd) of drug X are 80mL/min and 40L respectively. What is the intravenous loading dose (mg) required to achieve a therapeutic plasma concentration of 4 mg/L?
a) 60
b) 160
b) 160
in which condition does the body have a positive nitrogen balance?
a) fasting
b) infection
c) injury
d) pregnancy
d) pregnancy
Which vitamin increases iron absorption?
a) vitamin B1
b) vitamin D
c) vitamin C
c) vitamin C
Which sweetener is commonly used for mouthwashes because it does not promote dental caries?
a. Sucralose
b. Sucrose
a. Sucralose
