2013 FB2

Question 1

What does Burkholderia pseudomallei cause?
A. Cystic fibrosis
B. Melioidosis
C. Glanders fever

Answer 1

B. Melioidosis

Question 2

Which organism causes “rose spots” rash?
A. Salmonella Typhi
B. Shigella
C. Yersinia

Answer 2

A. Salmonella Typhi

Question 3

Which diarrhoeagenic E. coli causes diarrhea in HIV/AIDS patients and persistent diarrhea?
A. Enteroinvasive E. coli
B. Enterohemorrhagic E.coli 
C. Enterotoxigenic E.coli
D. Enteroagregative E.coli

Answer 3

D. Enteroagregative E.coli

Question 4

A 35-year old lady presented with urinary tract infection. Her urine showed esculin positive diplococci. What is he most likely pathogenic agent?
A. Streptococcus pneumonia
B. Enterococcus faecalis

Answer 4

B. Enterococcus faecalis

Question 5

A 43-year old Kuwaiti man has travelled to South America, where he has been exposed to mosquito bites. He presented with fever, hemorrhages, rashes, and arthritis. What is the causative agent?
A. Hantavirus
B. Lassa Fever virus
C. Dengue virus

Answer 5

C. Dengue virus

Question 6

What is the most common manifestation of the primary infection with EBV?

Answer 6

Infectious mononucleosis

Question 7

What is important to do after diagnosing a lady with trichomoniasis (trichomonas vaginalis)?

Answer 7

Treatment of the partner

Question 8

if a patient gets an infection following abdominal surgery, what is the likely cause of the infection?

Answer 8

it is very likely to be an endogenous infection.

Question 9

How is herpes simplex virus-1 transmitted?
A. Exchange of body fluids
B. Direct contact

Answer 9

A. Exchange of body fluids

Question 10

How can we diagnose malaria?

Answer 10

Microscopy of blood film

(Thick blood smears are most useful for detecting the presence of parasites, while thin smears is to discover the specific species)

Question 11

Which microorganism shows drumstick appearance under the microscope?
A. Clostridium botulinum
B. Clostridium perfringens
C. Clostridium tetani

Answer 11

C. Clostridium tetani

Question 12

What is produced Viridans streptococci to adhere to the heart valve? 
A. Acid
B. Carbohydrate 
C. M protein
D. Extracellular dextran

Answer 12

D. Extracellular dextran

Question 13

Which organism is an important cause of blindness especially in developing countries?
A. Mycoplasma
B. Chlamydia trachomatis

Answer 13

B. Chlamydia trachomatis

Question 14

What organism is non-cultivatable on artificial media?

Answer 14

Chlamydia Trachomatis

Question 15

What is true about Streptococcus pneumoniae?
A. Optochin sensitive diplococci
B. Bile soluble cocci in chains

Answer 15

A. Optochin sensitive diplococci

Question 16

What is the best specimen to diagnose legionella infection?
A. Sputum
B. Urine

Answer 16

B. Urine

patients with legionella usually don’t produce a productive cough, especially in the early stage of the disease

Question 17

What is the most common symptom presented by children with Entrobius vermicularis?

Answer 17

Perianal itching

Question 18

What is the mechanism by which Hydatid disease (echinococcus granulosus) is acquired?
A. Ingestion of larva
B. Ingestion of ova

Answer 18

B. Ingestion of ova

Question 19

What antigen is specific for Aspergillus?

Answer 19

Galactomannan

Question 20

Aspergillus infection is acquired by inhalation of which of the following?
A. Conidiophore conidial heads
B. Hyphae arthoconidia

Answer 20

A. Conidiophore conidial heads

Question 21

What are the first steps needed to be done by policy makers to make a policy regarding a given health issue?

Answer 21

Survey and evidence

Question 22

As an effect of global warming, people living in high altitude areas in Africa are more vulnerable to which of the following diseases?
A. Blood pressure
B. Cardiac diseases
C. Malaria

Answer 22

C. Malaria

Climate changes will prolong the transmission season of vector-borne diseases

Question 23

What is the percentage of pregnant Indian women who die annualy? 
A. 10%
B. 20% 
C. 30%
D. 40% 
E. 50%

Answer 23

B. 20%

Question 24

Cucumbers are rich in which of the following vitamins? 
A. Vitamin A
B. Vitamin B12 
C. Vitamin B6 
D. Vitamin B3 
E. Vitamin K

Answer 24

E. Vitamin K

Question 25

What is true about health promotion?

Answer 25

Pessimistic

Question 26

Which of the following is an idiopathic disease? A. Crohn’s disease B. Neurofibromatosis

Answer 26

A. Crohn’s disease

Question 27

What distinguishes lamellar bone from non-lamellar bone?

Answer 27

Regular distribution of collagen

Question 28

What is the most common type of necrosis in the heart? A. fat necrosis B. coagulative necrosis C. liquid necrosis

Answer 28

B. coagulative necrosis

Question 29

What is a metabolic syndrome? A. Dyslipidemia, high blood pressure, obesity, and high blood glucose B. Dyslipidemia, high blood pressure, obesity, and hypoglycemia C. Smoking, dyslipidemia, high blood pressure, and hypoglycemia

Answer 29

A. Dyslipidemia, high blood pressure, obesity, and high blood glucose

Question 30

Which of the following is considered an anti-inflammatory factor? A. IL-1 B. TGF-β C. IL-6

Answer 30

B. TGF-β

Question 31

Deficiency of what results in bleeding?

Answer 31

Vitamin K

Question 32

Which of the following changes occur in the brain due to aging?

Answer 32

Diffuse and uniform decrease in the white matter

Question 33

Laminated concretions of calcium and protein in giant cells are referred to as A. Asteroid bodies B. Schaumann bodies

Answer 33

B. Schaumann bodies

Question 34

Where are amyloid deposits found in the liver in amyloidosis?

Answer 34

Space of disse

Question 35

What is the most common cause of infarctions?

Answer 35

Thrombotic emboli

Question 36

What is a component of granulation tissue?

Answer 36

Capillaries

Question 37

What is the metaplastic change that occurs in Barrett’s esophagitis?

Answer 37

From squamous to columnar

Question 38

Grading of tumors is based on which of the following? A. Cellular differentiation B. The extent of the tumor

Answer 38

A. Cellular differentiation

Question 39

Which of the following triggers apoptosis when DNA repair fails?

Answer 39

P53

Question 40

Which of the following occurs as a result of metabolic acidosis? A. Decreased P CO2 B. Increased HCO3 C. Alkaline urine

Answer 40

A. Decreased P CO2

Question 41

Which of the following is involved in sustaining proliferative signals (growth autonomy) in tumor cells? A. RAS gene B. BCL2

Answer 41

A. RAS gene

Question 42

Drugs A & B produce the same response. The amount of drug A that is needed to produce this response is more than that needed to produce it by drug B. Which of the following is true?

Answer 42

Drug B is more potent than A

Question 43

Which of the following is considered a major route for bio-metabolism of drugs?

Answer 43

Liver

Question 44

Which is considered a disadvantage of pharmacogenomics?

Answer 44

Increased legal issues

Question 45

The fraction of unchanged drug reaching the systemic circulation is known as

Answer 45

Bioavailability

Question 46

What is evidence of neurotransmitter transmission in a synapse?

Answer 46

Delayed transmission across the junction

Question 47

Which drug is used as a nasal decongestant?

Answer 47

α 1 agonist

Question 48

Which is the rate-limiting step in the synthetic pathway of noradrenaline?

Answer 48

Tyrosine->DOPA

Question 49

Which is used for the treatment of motor sickness?

Answer 49

Scopolamine

Question 50

Which of the following blocks neuronal uptake?

Answer 50

Cocaine

Question 51

What is the mechanism of action of Vinca alkaloids?

Answer 51

They inhibit the polymerization of tubulin

Question 52

Idiosyncratic drug interactions are usually explained by

Answer 52

Genetics

Question 53

What is the main cause of increased half-life of diazepam in elderly adults? A. Decreased activity of Hepatic Cytochrome P450 B. Increased renal functions

Answer 53

A. Decreased activity of Hepatic Cytochrome P450

Question 54

Increasing acetylcholine level in a neuromuscular junction (Or in other words: using anticholinesterases e.g. neostigmine) would reverse the effect of which of the following?

Answer 54

Vecuronium

Question 55

Which of the following is used as an antidote for acetaminophen poisoning?

Answer 55

N. acetyl cysteine

Question 56

What signals low energy in the body? A. Adiponectin B. Glucagon

Answer 56

A. Adiponectin

Question 57

``` What is the metabolic effect of increased consumption of monounsaturated fatty acids? A. Increased HDL & increased LDL B. Increased HDL & decreased LDL C. Decreased HDL & increased LDL D. Decreased HDL & decreased LDL ```

Answer 57

C. Decreased HDL & increased LDL

Question 58

Which of the following is an artificial sweetener?

Answer 58

Aspartame

Question 59

A person was found to have low biotin levels. You would advise him to stop consuming which if the following?

Answer 59

Raw egg whites