2013 physiology

Question 1

When the blood flow changes from laminar to turbulent, which of the following is correct?
A. greater pressure perfusion
B. greater viscosity

Answer 1

A. greater pressure perfusion

Question 2

Which of the following is important for electrical coupling?
A. gap junctions
B. desmosome

Answer 2

A. gap junctions

Question 3

How long do sodium channels stay open after depolarization?
A.  0.02 ms 
B.  0.2 ms 
C.  2 ms
D.  As long as it stays depolarized
E.  Until repolarization

Answer 3

B. 0.2 ms

Question 4

What is the proper sequence of communication in homeostatic response?
A. Sensory, Effector, Integrating Centre
B. Sensory, Integrating Centre, Effector

Answer 4

B. Sensory, Integrating Centre, Effector

Question 5

What do these findings indicate: 
low CO2, high PH, normal HCO3
A.  Metabolic acidosis 
B.  Metabolic alkalosis 
C.  Respiratory acidosis
D.  Respiratory alkalosis

Answer 5

D. Respiratory alkalosis

Question 6

A subject consumed O2=0.25 l/min and produced CO2=0.22 l/min. What is the percentage of energy produced by oxidation of fats and carbohydrates?
A. F=60% C=40%
B. F=33% C=66%
C. F= 40% C=60%

Answer 6

C. F= 40% C=60%

Question 7

Which hormone is released to induce birth (uterine contractions)?
A.  FSH
B.  Progesterone
C.  Oxytocin
D.  Estrogen

Answer 7

C. Oxytocin

Question 8

A membrane has been hyperpolarized and then it went back to its resting potential. What is the change that happened to the membrane potential called?
A.  Depolarization
B.  Graded potential 
C.  Refractory period 
D.  Repolarization

Answer 8

D. Repolarization

Question 9

Which 2 molecules have a strong interaction during exocytosis?
A. αSNAP & NSF
B. V-snare & T-snare

Answer 9

B. V-snare & T-snare

Question 10

Which of the following is a characteristic of LTP “long term potentiation” of the synaptic strength?
A. Increased calcium in the presynaptic neuron
B. High frequency stimulation
C. It leads to forgetting

Answer 10

B. High frequency stimulation

Question 11

What is true about hyperthermia?
A. Actively controlled
B. Set point increases
C. No change in the set point

Answer 11

C. No change in the set point

Question 12

Why is the concentration of Na+ higher in the plasma than in the interstitial fluid?

Answer 12

Negative proteins in the plasma pull the positive ions, aka Donan effect

Question 13

What is Starling law?

Answer 13

There is net outflow of fluid which is removed by lymph

Question 14

Which of the following is considered a paracrine signal?
A.  Angiotensin II 
B.  Growth factors 
C.  Insulin
D.  Histamine

Answer 14

D. Histamine

Question 15

If the distance between 2 Z-discs in a sarcomere was 0.8 cm before contraction. What is the sarcomere length after contraction?
A.  0.6 cm 
B.  1 cm 
C.  0.8 cm 
D.  1.2 cm

Answer 15

A. 0.6 cm

0.8X80%= 0.64