2015 I&I Flashcards
What is the mechanism of action of beta-lactams?
A) Inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis
B) Inhibition of folic acid synthesis
C) Inhibition of DNA synthesis
A) Inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis
What type of hypersensitivity reaction is mediated by T helper cell? A) Type 1 C) Type 2 D) Type 3 E) Type 4
E) Type 4
What characterizes pneumococcal conjugate vaccine?
A) It induces the production of IgM antibodies from B cells
B) It produces pneumococcal sepsis in immunocompromised patients
C) Intramuscular 1 dose
D) T cell-dependent antibody production
D) T cell-dependent antibody production
What is mostly affected by the presence of organic matter? A) Acids B) Iodine C) Boiling water D) Formaldehyde
A) Acids
What is the most important investigation specimen used for PUO? A) Throat swab B) Blood culture C) Stool D) Urine swab
B) Blood culture
Which of the following antibiotics is active at low redox potential? A) Colistin B) Metronidazole C) Tetracycline D) Macrolides
B) Metronidazole
What causes the secondary immune response to be faster than the primary immune response?
A) Increased cytokines production
B) Memory B cells
B) Memory B cells
Which condition is associated with C3 deficiency?
A) Severe HSV infection
B) Recurrent Candida stomatitis
C) Septic shock due to Neisseria meningitides
D) Chronic diarrhea due to enterovirus
B) Recurrent Candida stomatitis
Which of the following is the mechanism in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus? A) Beta-lactamases B) Target modification C) Efflux pump D) Altered pathway
B) Target modification
Which drug produces antiviral and anti-inflammatory cytokines when applied to the skin?
A) Imiquimod
B) Acyclovir
A) Imiquimod
What is the mechanism behind the assay used to measure T cell-mediated cytotoxicity?
A) when T cell kills target cell, the radioactivity released which is then measured
B) The nucleotides used for DNA synthesis are tagged
C) Protein synthesis is the measuring unit
A) when T cell kills target cell, the radioactivity released which is then measured
Which intravenous infusion is more likely to be associated with catheter-related infections?
A) 5% Dextrose
B) Total parenteral nutrition
B) Total parenteral nutrition
What is used to sterilize lab containers?
A) Autoclave
B) Incineration
A) Autoclave
What is used to sterilize heat-sensitive material?
A) Filtration
B) Pasteurization
A) Filtration
Where does positive selection of B cells take place?
A) Bone marrow
B) Thymus
C) Spleen
A) Bone marrow
What is the difference between Th1 and Th2?
A) each cell has a specific cytokine production pattern
B) Th1 is related to humoral immunity while Th2 is related to cell-mediated immunity
A) each cell has a specific cytokine production pattern
What characterizes congenital syphilis? A) intracranial calcification B) granuloma infantisepticum C) Saddle shaped nose D) Charcot's foot
C) Saddle shaped nose
What is used to measure T cell stimulation?
A) Radioactive thymidine
B) chromium
A) Radioactive thymidine
How can you acquire HBV?
A) Perinatally
B) Through aerosol
A) Perinatally
under a microscope slide, a scientist observed a fungi cell showing positive germ tube test. Which of the following species could it be?
A) C. Albicans
B) A. fumigatus
C) P. jirovecii
A) C. Albicans
Which of the following pathogens may cause genital warts?
A) Molluscum contagiosum
B) Human papillomavirus
B) Human papillomavirus
which of the following pathogens affect animals?
A) Microsporum canis
B) N. gonnorrhea
A) Microsporum canis
What vaccine is ideally administered annually?
A) HAV
B) HBV
C) Influenza virus vaccine
C) Influenza virus vaccine
people working in which profession are more likely to get infected with Brucella?
A) Farm workers
B) Coal workers
C) flight attendants
A) Farm workers
which of the following Brucella species is more common in the middle east?
A) Brucella mellitensis
B) Brucella suis
A) Brucella mellitensis
Picture Which of the following fungi has aseptate hyaline hyphae with sporangiospores?
A) Aspergillus
B) Mucorales
C) Penicillium
B) Mucorales
Where are Follicular dendritic cells usually found? A) Cortex of the thymus B) Medulla of the thymus C) Secondary nodule D) Splenic cords
C) Secondary nodule
A patient had a case of pneumonia that was not controlled properly. A few days later, the patient died and an autopsy was performed. Foamy interalveolar exudate was observed upon incising the lungs. What could have been the causative agent?
A) Mycobacterium tuberculosis
B) Pneumocystis jirovecii
C) Legionella pneumophila
B) Pneumocystis jirovecii
In which stage is disease transmission more likely to occur?
A) Subclinical
B) Recovery
C) Susceptibility
A) Subclinical
Which of these is an endogenous factor that increases adolescent vulnerability for risk-taking behavior? A) Peer pressure B) Lack of parental supervision C) Puberty D) Depression
D) Depression
what is the mechanism of action for the drug amphotericin B?
A) Inhibiting the synthesis of 1,3-B glucan
B) Forming pores that cause leakage of ions
C) Disrupting the mitotic spindle
B) Forming pores that cause leakage of ions
