2015 I&I

Question 1

What is the mechanism of action of beta-lactams?
A) Inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis
B) Inhibition of folic acid synthesis
C) Inhibition of DNA synthesis

Answer 1

A) Inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis

Question 2

What type of hypersensitivity reaction is mediated by T helper cell?
A) Type 1 
C) Type 2 
D) Type 3 
E) Type 4

Answer 2

E) Type 4

Question 3

What characterizes pneumococcal conjugate vaccine?
A) It induces the production of IgM antibodies from B cells
B) It produces pneumococcal sepsis in immunocompromised patients
C) Intramuscular 1 dose
D) T cell-dependent antibody production

Answer 3

D) T cell-dependent antibody production

Question 4

What is mostly affected by the presence of organic matter? 
A) Acids
B) Iodine
C) Boiling water 
D) Formaldehyde

Answer 4

A) Acids

Question 5

What is the most important investigation specimen used for PUO? 
A) Throat swab
B) Blood culture 
C) Stool
D) Urine swab

Answer 5

B) Blood culture

Question 6

Which of the following antibiotics is active at low redox potential? 
A) Colistin
B) Metronidazole 
C) Tetracycline 
D) Macrolides

Answer 6

B) Metronidazole

Question 7

What causes the secondary immune response to be faster than the primary immune response?
A) Increased cytokines production
B) Memory B cells

Answer 7

B) Memory B cells

Question 8

Which condition is associated with C3 deficiency?
A) Severe HSV infection
B) Recurrent Candida stomatitis
C) Septic shock due to Neisseria meningitides
D) Chronic diarrhea due to enterovirus

Answer 8

B) Recurrent Candida stomatitis

Question 9

Which of the following is the mechanism in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus?
A) Beta-lactamases
B) Target modification 
C) Efflux pump
D) Altered pathway

Answer 9

B) Target modification

Question 10

Which drug produces antiviral and anti-inflammatory cytokines when applied to the skin?
A) Imiquimod
B) Acyclovir

Answer 10

A) Imiquimod

Question 11

What is the mechanism behind the assay used to measure T cell-mediated cytotoxicity?
A) when T cell kills target cell, the radioactivity released which is then measured
B) The nucleotides used for DNA synthesis are tagged
C) Protein synthesis is the measuring unit

Answer 11

A) when T cell kills target cell, the radioactivity released which is then measured

Question 12

Which intravenous infusion is more likely to be associated with catheter-related infections?
A) 5% Dextrose
B) Total parenteral nutrition

Answer 12

B) Total parenteral nutrition

Question 13

What is used to sterilize lab containers?
A) Autoclave
B) Incineration

Answer 13

A) Autoclave

Question 14

What is used to sterilize heat-sensitive material?
A) Filtration
B) Pasteurization

Answer 14

A) Filtration

Question 15

Where does positive selection of B cells take place?
A) Bone marrow
B) Thymus
C) Spleen

Answer 15

A) Bone marrow

Question 16

What is the difference between Th1 and Th2?
A) each cell has a specific cytokine production pattern
B) Th1 is related to humoral immunity while Th2 is related to cell-mediated immunity

Answer 16

A) each cell has a specific cytokine production pattern

Question 17

What characterizes congenital syphilis? 
A) intracranial calcification
B) granuloma infantisepticum 
C) Saddle shaped nose
D) Charcot's foot

Answer 17

C) Saddle shaped nose

Question 18

What is used to measure T cell stimulation?
A) Radioactive thymidine
B) chromium

Answer 18

A) Radioactive thymidine

Question 19

How can you acquire HBV?
A) Perinatally
B) Through aerosol

Answer 19

A) Perinatally

Question 20

under a microscope slide, a scientist observed a fungi cell showing positive germ tube test. Which of the following species could it be?
A) C. Albicans
B) A. fumigatus
C) P. jirovecii

Answer 20

A) C. Albicans

Question 21

Which of the following pathogens may cause genital warts?
A) Molluscum contagiosum
B) Human papillomavirus

Answer 21

B) Human papillomavirus

Question 22

which of the following pathogens affect animals?
A) Microsporum canis
B) N. gonnorrhea

Answer 22

A) Microsporum canis

Question 23

What vaccine is ideally administered annually?
A) HAV
B) HBV
C) Influenza virus vaccine

Answer 23

C) Influenza virus vaccine

Question 24

people working in which profession are more likely to get infected with Brucella?
A) Farm workers
B) Coal workers
C) flight attendants

Answer 24

A) Farm workers

Question 25

which of the following Brucella species is more common in the middle east?
A) Brucella mellitensis
B) Brucella suis

Answer 25

A) Brucella mellitensis

Question 26

Picture Which of the following fungi has aseptate hyaline hyphae with sporangiospores?
A) Aspergillus
B) Mucorales
C) Penicillium

Answer 26

B) Mucorales

Question 27

Where are Follicular dendritic cells usually found? 
A) Cortex of the thymus 
B) Medulla of the thymus 
C) Secondary nodule
D) Splenic cords

Answer 27

C) Secondary nodule

Question 28

A patient had a case of pneumonia that was not controlled properly. A few days later, the patient died and an autopsy was performed. Foamy interalveolar exudate was observed upon incising the lungs. What could have been the causative agent?
A) Mycobacterium tuberculosis
B) Pneumocystis jirovecii
C) Legionella pneumophila

Answer 28

B) Pneumocystis jirovecii

Question 29

In which stage is disease transmission more likely to occur?
A) Subclinical
B) Recovery
C) Susceptibility

Answer 29

A) Subclinical

Question 30

Which of these is an endogenous factor that increases adolescent vulnerability for risk-taking behavior?
A) Peer pressure
B) Lack of parental supervision 
C) Puberty
D) Depression

Answer 30

D) Depression

Question 31

what is the mechanism of action for the drug amphotericin B?
A) Inhibiting the synthesis of 1,3-B glucan
B) Forming pores that cause leakage of ions
C) Disrupting the mitotic spindle

Answer 31

B) Forming pores that cause leakage of ions