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Physical Assessment > 20 Abdomen Abnormal Findings > Flashcards

20 Abdomen Abnormal Findings Flashcards

1
Q

appendicitis

pain characteristic

A

epigastric + periumbilical pain

  • localized to RLQ
  • sudden onset
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2
Q

appendicitis

precipitating factors

A

obstruction

-fecal, stone adhesion

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3
Q

cholecystitis

A

acute or chronic inflammation of gallbladder

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4
Q

cholecystitis

pain characteristic

A
  • RUQ
  • may radiate to RT scapula
  • sudden onset
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5
Q

cholecystitis

precipitating factors

A
  • fatty meals

- obstruction of duct in cholelithasis

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6
Q

diverticulitis

A

inflammation of outpouch of mucosa thru intestinal wall

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7
Q

diverticulitis

pain characteristic

A
  • cramping LLQ

- radiates to back

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8
Q

diverticulitis

precipitating factors

A
  • fiber-rich diet

- stress

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9
Q

duodenal ulcer

A

breaks in mucosa of duodenum

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10
Q

duodenal ulcer

pain characteristic

A
  • aching
  • gnawing
  • epigastric
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11
Q

duodenal ulcer

precipitating factors

A
  • stress

- NSAIDs

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12
Q

gastritis

A

inflammation of mucosal lining of stomach

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13
Q

gastritis

precipitating factors

A

Acute: NSAID, ETOH, stress, infectn
Chronc: H Pylori, autoimmune response

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14
Q

pancreatitis

pain characteristic

A
  • upper abdominal
  • knifelike
  • deep epigastric or umbilical area pain
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15
Q

pancreatitis

precipitating factors

A
  • ductal obstruction
  • ETOH
  • acetaminophen
  • infection
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16
Q

umbilical hernia

A

common in children

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17
Q

hiatal hernia

A

-weak diaphragm causes portionof stomach/esophagus to move into thoracic cavity

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18
Q

reducible hernia

A

moves back to normal position when pt relaxes

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19
Q

incarcerated or nonreducible hernia

A

stays displaced even after pt relaxes

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20
Q

cancer of esophagus

risk factors

A
  • males over age of 50
  • ETOH abuse
  • smoking
  • poor oral hygiene
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21
Q

cancer of esophagus

s/s

A
  • wt loss
  • dysphagia
  • odynophagia
22
Q

odynophagia

A

pain on swallowing

23
Q

hepatic cancer is usually preceded by..

A

onset of cirrhosis r/t ETOH abuse, autoimmune liver disease, hep C + B infectn

24
Q

hepatic cancer

subjective findings

A
  • RUQ pain
  • bruise/bleed easy
  • nausea
  • fatigue
25
Q

hepatic cancer

objective findings

A
  • ascite
  • jaundice
  • vomit
  • pale stools
26
Q

ventral hernia

common causes

A

hernia of incision

  • obesity
  • repeated surgery
  • post op infection
  • impaired wound healing
  • poor nutrition
27
Q

pancreatic cancer

RF

A
  • smoking
  • age
  • race
  • genes
28
Q

pancreatic cancer

subjective findings

A
  • LUQ pain that radiates to back
  • nausea
  • pruritis (itching)
29
Q

pancreatic cancer

objective findings

A

extreme wt loss

  • jaundice
  • dark urine
  • diarrhea
  • greasy, pale stools
30
Q

stomach cancer

RF

A

dietary habits

31
Q

stomach cancer

subjective findings

A
  • indigestion
  • loss of appetite
  • ab bloating after eating
  • nausea
  • ab pain
32
Q

stomach cancer

objective findings

A
  • wt loss
  • vomit
  • ab distention
  • GI bleed
  • cancerous lesions usually in distal third of stomach
33
Q

colorectal cancer

A

involves any part of the large intestine, sigmoid colon, rectum

34
Q

colorectal cancer

RF

A
  • 50 y.o +
  • fam hx
  • preexisting order of GI
  • diabetes
  • tobacco
  • mod ETOH
  • obesity
  • diet high in red meat
  • lack of physical activity
35
Q

colorectal cancer

subjective findings

A
  • variation in bowel habits
  • ab cramping/pain
  • incr intestinal gas
  • fatigue
36
Q

colorectal cancer

objective findings

A
  • rectal bleeding
  • wt loss
  • intestinal obstructn
37
Q

ulcerative colitis

A

lower portion of lrg intestines+ rectum

38
Q

ulcerative colitis

RF

A
  • common in adolescents + yng adults

- autoimmune

39
Q

ulcerative colitis

subjective findings

A
  • rectal pain
  • urgency to move bowels w or w/o ability to pass stools
  • ab pain/cramping
40
Q

ulcerative colitis

objective findings

A
  • wt loss
  • diarrhea
  • fever
41
Q

esophagitis

common cause

A
  • smoking
  • ETOH abuse
  • reflux of gastric contents
  • ingestion of extremely hot or cold foods/liquids
42
Q

esophagitis

subjective findings

A
  • dysphagia
  • chest pain
  • nausea
43
Q

esophagitis

objective findings

A
  • vomit
  • wt loss
  • esophageal obstruction
44
Q

peritonitis

subjective findings

A
  • ab pain/tendernss
  • ab bloating
  • nausea
  • decr U+O
45
Q

peritonitis

objective findings

A
  • ab distention
  • vomiting
  • decr appetite
  • fever
46
Q

Hep A virus

A

enteric routes

-feces or oral

47
Q

Hep B virus

A

parenteral, sex, or perinatally

48
Q

Hep C virus

A

via blood or blood products, parenterally

49
Q

Hep D virus

A
  • same as HBV

- parenteral, sex, or perinatally

50
Q

Hep E virus

A

enterically fr travels to asia, india, africa, central america

51
Q

chrons disease

A

can involve any part of lower intestinal tract

-common in yougn adults

Physical Assessment (20 decks)

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