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Physical Assessment > 19 Peripheral Vascular System ABNORMALITIES > Flashcards

19 Peripheral Vascular System ABNORMALITIES Flashcards

1
Q

arterial insufficiency

A

inadequate circ in arterial system

-narrowing causes decr oxygen supply

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2
Q

arterial insufficiency is usually due to..

A
  • buildup of fatty plaque

- calcification of arterial wall

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3
Q

claudification

A
  • pain in thigh, calf or butt caused by Periph Artrl Diseas or arterial insufficiency
  • pain is due to ischemia of tissue
  • triggered by walked
  • resolves w rest
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4
Q

arterial insufficiency

subjective finding

A
  • pain,ache,burn in feet calf, thigh
  • numb feet @ rest
  • appearance of sympt only when walking uphill, at brisk, pace, or long periods
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5
Q

arterial insufficiency

objective finding

A
  • diminished pulse
  • cool, shiny skin
  • absence of hair on toes
  • pallor of lower extremities on elevation
  • red color [RUBOR] of lower extremities when dependent
  • maybe ulcer
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6
Q

arterial aneurysm

A

bulge/dilatn caused by weak arterial wall

-can be detected by bruits

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7
Q

arterial aneurysm can occur in…

A
  • aorta
  • abdominal [deep, difficult to discover]
  • renal
  • femoral
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8
Q

venous insufficiency

A

inadequate venous circ bc of incompetent valves or blood clot in deep veins

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9
Q

venous insufficiency

subjective finding

A
  • feeling fullness /discomfort in leds
  • exacerbated pain fr prolonged standing/sitting
  • relief by rest
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10
Q

venous insufficiency

objective finding

A
  • norm skin temp
  • edema usually present
  • thickening + brown discoloration of skin around ankles
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11
Q

ulcers in arterial/venous insufficiency

A

A: pale, well defined edge, no bleeding, difficult to heal due to lack of O2 supply
—–toes, areas of trauma, lateral malleolus
V: usually in medial malleolus, w bleeding, uneven edges, minimal pain, coarse

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12
Q

orthostatic hypotension

A

decr in sys BP >20
decr in dias BP >10
w/in 3 min of standing
-results fr abrupt periph vasodilation wo compensatory incr in CO

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13
Q

varicose veins aka varicosities

A

dilated veins w diminished rate of BF +incr intravenous pressure

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14
Q

varicose veins aka varicosities may be due to..

A
  • incompetent valves that permit reflux of blood

- obstruction in proximal vein

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15
Q

varicose veins aka varicosities

subjective finding

A
  • aching, burning, heaviness, tiredness, pain in legs
  • exacerbation of discomfort fr extended periods of sitting/standing
  • burning/itching over affected veins
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16
Q

varicose veins aka varicosities

objective finding

A
  • distended twisted veins near surface
  • edema in feet/ankles
  • skin change inc discoloration, dryness, scaling
  • skin ulcer
  • bleeding after minor trauma
17
Q

raynaud disease

A

arterioles in fingers develop spasms

  • causes intermittent skin pallor/cyanosis then rubor
  • mostly seen in young, healthy females
18
Q

raynaud disease is frequently secondary to..

A
  • connective tissue diease
  • drug intoxication
  • pulmo HTN
  • trauma
19
Q

raynaud disease

subjective finding

A
  • bilateral spasms lasting min-hr
  • numbness/pain during pallor/cyanotic state
  • burn/throb during rubor
20
Q

raynaud disease

objective finding

A
  • skin pallor/cyanosis that may progress to rubor

- swelling of affected digits

21
Q

deep vein thrombosis

A

occlusion of deep vein by a blood clot
-requires immediate referral bc can turn into venous thromboembolism, can migrate to lung resulting in pulmonary embolism

22
Q

deep vein thrombosis

subjective finding

A
  • absence of symptoms

- pt may describe intense sharp pain along iliac vessels in popliteal space or in calf muscle

23
Q

deep vein thrombosis

objective finding

A
  • unilateral edema
  • low grade fever
  • tachycardia
  • venous distention
24
Q

arteriovenous [AV] fistula

A

abnormal connection bw artery + vein

-commonly caused by piercing injuries, congenital, genetic, or procedure like cardiac catheterization

25
Q

arteriovenous [AV] fistula

subjective finding

A
  • fatigue
  • difficulty breathing
  • dizzy
  • lightheaded
26
Q

arteriovenous [AV] fistula

objective finding

A
  • machinery murmur w clicks
  • bulging veins near surface
  • decr BP
  • cyanosis
  • clubbing
27
Q

lymphedema

A

unilateral swelling

-assoc w obstruction of lymph nodes

28
Q

lymphedema

subjective finding

A
  • sensation of heaviness or tightness in assoc limb

- discomfort or aching in assoc limb

29
Q

lymphedema

objective finding

A
  • limited ROM in assoc limb
  • swelling of all part of assoc arm/leg incl fingers/toes
  • chronic recurrent infections in assoc limb
  • thickening/hardening of skin in assoc limb

Physical Assessment (20 decks)

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