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Physical Assessment > 20 Abdomen > Flashcards

20 Abdomen Flashcards

1
Q

if patient is experiencing ab pain..

A

examine that area last

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2
Q

stand on __ side

A

RIGHT side of pt

-bc the liver _ rt kidney w/in rt side of abdomen

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3
Q

types of abdomen contour

A

1 flat
2 protuberant
3 rounded
4 scaphoid

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4
Q

flat contour

A

straight line

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5
Q

flat contour may indicate

A

common in thin person

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6
Q

protuberant contour

A

similar to rounded contour but GREATER

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7
Q

protuberant contour may indicate

A

obesity, ascites, + other condition

-norm in pregnancy

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8
Q

rounded contour

A

convex, curves outward

-incr infat, decr in muscle tone

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9
Q

rounded contour may indicate

A

norm in toddler + pregnancy

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10
Q

scaphoid contour

A

concave abdomen

-inward, sunken

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11
Q

scaphoid contour may indicate

A

seen in VERY thin person

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12
Q

protrudic + displaced umbilicus may indicate

A

NONPREGNANT: abdominal mass + distended urinary bladder
PREGNANT: normal

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13
Q

sign of _____ following laparoscopy is a medical emergency

A

drainage

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14
Q

taut glistening skin on abdomen may indicate..

A

ascites

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15
Q

markes pulsation may indicate

A
  • aortic aneurysm

- increased pulse pressure

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16
Q

areas to auscultate for vascula sounds

A
  • aorta (below xiphoid)
  • renal
  • iliac
  • femoral
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17
Q

normal bowel sounds + frequency

A

irregular, high pitch, gurgling

5-30 times per minute

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18
Q

borborygmi

A

more frequent sounds in pt who have not eaten in a few hours

-NORMAL finding

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19
Q

how long to listen to each quadrant

A

60 seconds each quad

-total of 5 minutes before reporting ABSENT bowel sounds

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20
Q

hyperactive bowel sounds like

A
  • loud
  • high pitched
  • rushing
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21
Q

hypoactive bowel sounds like

A
  • slow

- sluggish

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22
Q

abnormal vascular sounds

A
  • bruits

- venous hum

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23
Q

T/F should you listen to each quadrant for 5 minutes before documenting absent bowel sounds?

A

FALSE

-studies have shown that POI is unrelated to bowel sounds

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24
Q

bruit may indicate ____, whereas venous hum may indicate ______

A

B: arterial occlusion
VH: increased portal tension

25
palpations are CI if....
suspected appendicitis, dissecting abdominal aortic aneurysm, polycystic kidneys, + transplanted organs
26
how deep do you go for light palpation
5cm or 2 inches
27
which organ is nonpalpable?
pancreas bc too deep
28
a mass in LLQ may indiate...
stool in colon
29
largest lymphoid organ
spleen - site of lymphocyte proliferation, + immune surveilance - filters blood for breakdown, brings breakdown to liver
30
kidney functions
- filters nitro waste - activates vit D - produce urine - secrete erythropoietin + renin
31
costovertebral angle
where ribs meet the vertebra
32
contents of RLQ
- lower pole kidney - cecum + appendix - ascending colon
33
contents of RUQ
- liver + gallbladder - pyloric sphincter - duodenum - HEAD of pancreas - adrenal gland - kidney - ascending + transverse colon
34
contents of LUQ
- left lobe of liver - spleen - stomach - BODY of pancreas - adrenal gland - kidney - splenic colon - transverse + descending colon
35
contents of LLQ
- lower pole of kidney - sigmoid colon - descending colon
36
abdominal palpation for rebound tenderness is CI if...
pt has current subjective reports like ab pain or tenderness
37
how to palpate for rebound tenderness
palpation w hand at 90-degree angle
38
Blumberg's Sign
sharp stabbing pain/rebound tenderness in all 4 quadrants
39
Positive Blumberg's Sign may indicate
peritoneal irritation or peritonitis - sign that appendicitis ruptured - requires immediate attention
40
McBurney's Point
RLQ: 1-2 inc above anterosuperior iliac spiine | -where acute appendicitis is at maximal tenderness
41
Rovsing's Sign
palpation of LLQ> pain in RLQ | *R is more reversed
42
theses signs are suggestive of peritoneal irritation in appendicitis
- McBurney's Point + Rovsing's Sign - Blumberg's Sign - Psoas Sign
43
Psoas Sign
pain in psoas muscle is assoc w peritoneal inflammation of appendicitis -normally no pain
44
How to perform Psoas Sign
- supine position - place ur LEFT hand above RIGHT KNEE - ask pt to raise the leg to meet hand - flexion of hip causes contraction of psoas muscle
45
when is Psoas Sign test indicated?
when lower ab pain is present and appendicitis is suspected
46
Murphy's Sign
sharp pain in RUQ | -may indicate cholecystitis, gallbladder, liver
47
How to perform Murphy's Sign
while palpating liver, ask pt to take a deep breath - as diaphragm moves, the liver + gallbladder is pushed towards you - in healthy pt, liver is painless
48
T/F hernias are seen in healthy adults
TRUE | -when it is UNTREATED, it leads to obstrucive complications + serious health prblems
49
signs + symptoms in appendicitis
- pain, ab guarding, | - tenderness upon palpation of McBurneys Point, Rovsing Sign
50
diagnosis of appendicitis is confirmed by
- incr WBC | - ab X ray/ultrasound
51
referred pain
pain or discomfort that is perfecived in an area other than the region fr which the pain originates ex) pancreatitis may be perceived in the back
52
hyperactive sounds may indicate
- gastroenteritis | - diarrhea
53
hyperactive sounds followed by absence of sound may indicate
paralytic ileus
54
high pitch sounds w cramping may indicate
intestinal obstruction
55
venous hum sounds like ____, in the _____, and may indicate ______
continuous tone; epigastrum + around umbilicus; portal HTN
56
friction rubbing sounds like ___ and may indicate _____
harsh grating; | tumor or inflammation of origin
57
bile is produced in ___ and stored in ___
liver; gallbladder
58
cullen's sign
hemorrhage in belly button/umbilical | -sign of pancreatitis
59
grey turner sign
hemorrhage in left flank | -sign of pancreatitis

Physical Assessment (20 decks)

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