15 - mouth + throat Flashcards

1
Q

dysphagia is often r/t

A
  • aging
  • stroke
  • dementia
  • neurological diseases
  • cancers of the head, neck, esophagus
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2
Q

achalasia

A

motility disorder assoc w loss of esophageal peristalsis or failure of LES to relax upon swallowing
-cause is unknown

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3
Q

loss of taste is often assoc w

A

colds

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4
Q

foul taste may signal

A

gum infection or inadequate care of teeth/dentures

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5
Q

sore throat may be a result of..

A
  • sinus drainage
  • viral/bacterial inefction
  • sign of throat cancer
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6
Q

recurrent hoarseness may indicate

A

cancer of larynx

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7
Q

lesions or blisters on lips may be causes bye

A

herpes simplex virus

–these lesions are known as fever blisters or cold sores

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8
Q

lesions on lips must be evaluated for…

A

cancer

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9
Q

smooth, coated or hairy tongue are r/t

A

dehydration

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10
Q

small tongue may indicate

A

undernutrition

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11
Q

tremor of the tongue may indicate a dysfunction

A

dysfunction of CN 7

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12
Q

frenulum

A

small flab that connects protruding portion of lip or tongue

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13
Q

sense of taste is innervated by CN ___

A

7 + 9

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14
Q

movement of tongue is innervated by CN ___

A

12

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15
Q

rising of soft palate when saying AAAA tests for CN __

A

9 + 10

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16
Q

tonsil grading

A
0 absent
1 hidden behind pillars
2 extend to edge of pillars
3 extend beyond edge of pillars
4 extend to midline, may touch
17
Q

ankyloglossia

A

fixation of tip of tongue to floor bc of SHORTENED LINGUAL FRENULUM

  • usually congenital
  • can be corrected w surgery
18
Q

aphthous ulcer

A

aka canker sores

  • small, round, white painful lesions
  • occurs singularly or in clusters
  • fr oral trauma, stress, exhaustion, or food allergies
19
Q

oral carcinoma

A
  • most common in lower lip or base of tongue

- cancer is suspected if sore does NOT heal in a few weeks

20
Q

cleft lip

A

-separation or splitting of 2 sides of upper lip

21
Q

cleft palate

A

opening or separation in roof of mouth

-may involve hard palate, soft palate, or both

22
Q

gingival hyperplasia

A
  • enlargement of gums

- may be due to pregnancy, leukemia, or prolonged use of phenytoin

23
Q

gingivitis

A

gum inflammation

  • fr poor dental hygiene, vit C deficiency,
  • may lead to periodontal disease + tooth loss
24
Q

leukoplakia

A

whitish thickening of mucous membrane in mouth or tongue

  • cannot be scraped off
  • assoc w heavy smoking, drinking
  • can be precancerous
25
Q

glossitis

A

surface of tongue is smooth + red + shiny

-occurs as result of vit B or iron deficiency

26
Q

tonsilitis

A

throat is red, tonsil is swollen + covered in white yellow exudate
-may have high fever, enlarged cervical chain lymph nodes