18.2- Protein Synthesis and Gene Expression Flashcards

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1
Q

where does transcription take place

A

nucleus

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2
Q

where does translation take place

A

cytoplasm

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3
Q

what does transcription convert

A

DNA- mRNA

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4
Q

what does translation convert

A

mRNA-protein

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5
Q

what is a codon

A

a group of 3 nucleotides on a strand of mRNA which codes for an amino acid

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6
Q

The genetic code is ____ ,____ + _____

A

Redundant, continuous and universal

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7
Q

mRNA stands for ____ and does ___

A

messenger protein and carries the code from the nucleus to the cytoplasm where there cytoplasm where proteins are made

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8
Q

sense strand =

A

the strand of DNA that isn’t transcribed for a particular gene (non coding)

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9
Q

What does the promoter sequence on DNA do

A

it tells RNA polymerase where to bind to the strand

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10
Q

what does RNA polymerase do

A

RNA polymerase are enzymes that help assemble nucleotides into strands of mRNA

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11
Q

Steps of transcription (6)

A

1) segment of DNA is copied to mRNA
2) mRNA carries code from nucleus to cytoplasm
3)Promoter sequence in DNA tells RNA polymerase where to bind
4)Section of DNA unwinds, exposing the code of both strands
5)enzymes work in 5’-3’ direction
6)RNA polymerase detaches when ‘stop’ sequence on DNA is reached

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12
Q

What is known as the coding strand of DNA

A

anti- sense strand

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13
Q

mRNA is created in what stage

A

transcription

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14
Q

where does translation from mRNA to proteins take place

A

cytoplasm

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15
Q

translation involves ____,____,____,+_____

A

mRNA
tRNA
ribosomes
amino acids

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16
Q
A