18.3- Mutations and genetic recombination

Question 1

mutation=

Answer 1

permanent change to DNA sequence

Question 2

somatic cell mutations occur in ___

Answer 2

Body cells (2n)

Question 3

Germ line mutations occur in ___

Answer 3

Gametes (n)

Question 4

point mutations involve only 1 ___ and may be ___,____ or _____

Answer 4

nucleotide
substitution, insertion or deletion

Question 5

Mutations can be ___,____ or ____

Answer 5

silent, mis-sense or non-sense

Question 6

what are silent mutations

Answer 6

mutations that have no effect on cell processes

Question 7

what are mis-sense mutations

Answer 7

mutation sthat result in an altered protein- can be helpful or unhelpful

Question 8

what are non-sense mutations

Answer 8

• mutations resulting in a cell that cant make a functional protein
  -stop or start sequence altered
  -regular sequence altered

Question 9

frameshift mutations=

Answer 9

cause the reading frame tobe change for the entire strand

Question 10

frameshift mutations are caused by ____ and _____ and usually result in _____

Answer 10

insertion and deletion
nonsense mutations

Question 11

2 sources of mutations=

Answer 11

spontaneous (incorrect base pairing by DNA polymerase)
induced (eg radiation +chemicals)

Question 12

restriction enzymes ___

Answer 12

cut DNA when they encounter specific sequences