16.2- mitosis and cytokinesis Flashcards
1
Q
overall process of cell division (3)
A
DNA replication
sister chromatids separate through nuclear division
cytoplasm divides through cytokinesis
2
Q
mitosis is divided into ____ number of stages
A
4
3
Q
prophase (4)
A
- first stage of mitosis
-nuclear membrane breaks down - nucleolus dissapears
- centrioles migrate towards poles
4
Q
why are there 92 chromatids in the prophase stage
A
chromatids were replicated during interphase
5
Q
metaphase (4)
A
- second stage of mitosis
- spindle fibers attach to centromeres
- sister chromatids are lined up single file against metaphase plates along equator
- chromatids attach to each centriole by microtubules (spindle fibers)
6
Q
Anaphase (5)
A
- third stage of mitosis
- centromeres split
- sister chromatids are separated and one moves towards each pole
-polar microtubules push poles farther from eachother (cell elongates) - one complete diploid set of chromosomes (2n) found near each pole
7
Q
Telophase (4)
A
- fourth stage of mitosis
- chromatids reach pole and chromosomes disappear/uncondense
- spindle fibers break down
- nuclear membrane and nucleolus reform
8
Q
what do proteins do in regard to the cell cycle
A
they signal when cell division should stop and start
9
Q
cancer is a result of
A
uncontrolled cell growth due to cells spending less time in interphase therefore dividing more frequently
