15.2- fetal development and birth

Question 1

fetal development is weeks __

Answer 1

9+

Question 2

what occurs in the first trimester (months 1-3)

Answer 2

• first 2 months= embryonic period
• 3rd month= placenta developed genitals fully visible, growth

Question 3

what occurs in the second trimester (months 4-6)

Answer 3

• 4th month= heart beat,
• 5th month=Covered with fine hairs,
• 6th month= translucent, wrinkly, pink skin, increased weight gain

Question 4

what are the fine hairs called and when do they cover the baby

Answer 4

lanugo (shed before birth)
5th month

Question 5

what happens in the third trimester

Answer 5

extensive weight gain, rapidvbrain development, digestive and respiratory systems mature

Question 6

what are teratogens

Answer 6

substances that cause defects during development

Question 7

examples of teratogens

Answer 7

smoke, alcohol, drugs, excess nutrients, radiation,etc

Question 8

parturition= ___

Answer 8

labour

Question 9

during labour what hormone does the placenta release and what does it do

Answer 9

relaxing which loosens ligaments in pevis, relaxing the cervix

Question 10

during labour ____ decreases therefore ____ are no longer inhibited

Answer 10

progesterone secretion
uterine contractions are no longer inhibited

Question 11

when is oxytocin released

Answer 11

during labour

Question 12

where’s oxytocin released from

Answer 12

hypothalamus, but secreted from posterior pituitary

Question 13

what does oxytocin do

Answer 13

stimulates the uterus to contract and stimulates release of breast milk

Question 14

prostaglandis=

Answer 14

more contractions

Question 15

3 stages of birth

Answer 15

1- dilation
2- expulsion
3- placental

Question 16

what 3 things happen during the dilation stage of birth

Answer 16

• uterine contractions cause cervix to dilate
• amniotic sac ruptures
• stronger, more frequent contractions

Question 17

what happens during the expulsion stage of birth

Answer 17

contractions push baby through cervix

Question 18

what is the placental stage of birth

Answer 18

after baby is born the placenta and umbilical cord are released (afterbirth)

Question 19

lactation=

Answer 19

formation and secretion of breast milk

Question 20

what 2 hormones are involved in lactation

Answer 20

• prolactin
• oxytocin

Question 21

during pregnancy prolactin is inhibited by __+__

Answer 21

estrogen and progesterone (decrease after birth so prolactin isn’t inhibted anymore

Question 22

where is prolactin secreted from

Answer 22

anterior pituitary

Question 23

oxytocin is released due to (pathway)

Answer 23

suckling- hypothalamus- posterior pituitary- oxytocin

Question 24

after lobules contract what happens

Answer 24

milk moves towards nipple through ductcs